Visit museum and discuss this photo with your own words Essay

Visit gallery and talk about this photograph with your own words - Essay Example This piece of the divider has expound edges. Moving to the base of the image, the room is all around covered. At the left side is a shelf loaded up with books. At the further back, there is a resplendently planned bureau with a bloom jar. An entryway is alongside it with a cherubim cutting on top, similar to a blessed messenger guarding its occupants. A seat could be close to it with hide holding tight it, which appears to have a vile face. The divider alongside it has reflect or a work of art. There is another bureau with a blossom container. The focal point where the light falls is the planning phase. This must be a table for a draftsman, painter, or architect. A dim light is alongside the table. A little book is on it, on ruler or a long slim article, with a small man on it. He goes to the course of the entryway. On the highest point of the room is an open rooftop with marginally foreboding shadows. It is an overcast day, however the sun looks from the left. The sun gives light to the shadows inside the room. I picked this work since it shows transparency that is basic to care. The sky and the sun are images of transparency. Their passage into the room evacuates the limits of the world. The mists are somewhat dull in light of the fact that to learn is a troublesome assignment. The man coming out of the books implies that, through information, he is reawakened. He has gotten increasingly aware of his personality and crucial life. The sun sparkles on him since his way is more clear. He goes to the entryway, where his fate sits tight for him. The man is

The Long Telegram of George Kennan

The Long Telegram of George Kennan The Long Telegram was sent by George Kennan from the United States Embassy in Moscow to Washington, where it was gotten on February 22nd, 1946. The wire was provoked by US requests about Soviet conduct, particularly concerning their refusal to join the recently made World Bank and International Monetary Fund. In his content, Kennan sketched out Soviet conviction and practice and proposed the strategy of regulation, making the message a key report throughout the entire existence of the Cold War. The name long gets from the messages 8000-word length. US and Soviet Division The US and USSR had as of late battled as partners, across Europe in the fight to crush Nazi Germany, and in Asia to overcome Japan. US supplies, including trucks, had helped the Soviets endure the hardship of Nazi assaults and afterward push them directly back to Berlin. However, this was a marriage from absolutely one circumstance, and when the war was finished, the two new superpowers respected each other watchfully. The US was a law based country helping set Western Europe back into monetary shape. The USSR was a dangerous fascism under Stalin, and they involved a wrap of Eastern Europe and wished to transform it into a progression of cradle, vassal states. The US and the USSR appeared to be a lot of contradicted. The US subsequently needed to recognize what Stalin and his system were doing, which was the reason they asked Kennan what he knew. The USSR would join the UN, and would make critical suggestions about joining NATO, however as the Iron Curtain fell on Eastern Europe, the US understood they currently imparted the world to a gigantic, amazing and against law based adversary. Control Kennans Long Telegram didnt simply answer with understanding into the Soviets. It authored the hypothesis of regulation, a method of managing the Soviets. For Kennan, in the event that one country got socialist, it would apply pressure on its neighbors and they also may get socialist. Hadnt Russia presently spread toward the east of Europe? Werent socialists working in China? Werent France Italy still crude after their wartime encounters and looking towards socialism? It was expected that, if Soviet expansionism was left unchecked, it would spread over incredible regions of the globe. The appropriate response was regulation. The US should move to help nations in danger from socialism by propping them up with the financial, political, military, and social guide they expected to avoid the Soviet circle. After the wire was shared around government, Kennan made it open. President Truman received the control strategy in his Truman Doctrine and sent the US to counter Soviet activities. In 1947, the CIA went through impressive entireties of cash to guarantee the Christian Democrats vanquished the Communist Party in decisions, and, in this way, got the nation far from the Soviets.​ Obviously, regulation was before long curved. So as to get countries far from the socialist alliance, the US bolstered some awful governments, and designed the fall of equitably chose communist ones. Control remained US approach all through the Cold War, finishing in 1991, however talked about as something to be reawakened when it came to US matches from that point forward.

Economics

Economics Economics Home›Economics Posts›Economics Economics PostsExplain the purpose of automobile insurance and examine the extent to which automobile insurance does encourage risky behavior.Car owners are faced with a lot of uncertainties that include accidents, fire and theft. In case of such uncertainties they are likely to incur damages or losses that are substantial. Automobile insurance, therefore play a vital role of taking up the damages that could have been burdened by the owner. The insurance give compensation for bodily harm and physical damage to the automotive as a result of a road accident. Any bills arising from the liability are also covered by the insurance.When an individual has an automotive insurance the exhibit a risky behavior usually termed as ex ante moral hazard. This implies that they tend to behave and act in a more risky way since they know that any negative consequences that will arise will be paid for by the insurer. Others are less careful to an extent of leaving their car unlocked or driving more hence increasing theft and accident risks.Distinguish between positive and negative externalities. Use examples to explain how each of these could arise from human behavior in society.An externality is the effects that an individual’s actions have on a third party. Positive externality results when the effect is for better or is good. For example, when a neighbor places security lights on the road leading to his/her residence for security reasons will also benefit the neighbors. On the other hand, a negative externality results when the effect is worse or bad. For example, when an individual decides to leave the physical appearance of his house unattractive in a grade-A slob will depress the market price for its neighborhood.Until recently some athletes were using performance enhancing drugs that were not detected by traditional methods.In like manner, the authorities are treating and filtering the water that flows into people’s homes, but it is possible that the contaminant is hard to detect. Explain how people could be protected from suspected contaminants if they are not known or difficult to detect. The authorities should inform the consumers about the treatment and filtration, that it is nearly 100 percent. The consumer’s confidence of the exact level of treatment will protect their interests.4. Evaluating new vehicle technologies to reduce costs is important for companies like UPS and other companies involved in parcel delivery services. The company that can reduce costs in this industry can emerge, or remain, as the market leader. Waiting too long could be too costly and moving too fast could be a fatal mistake. Explain how the knowledge gained by sampling various technologies could be far more valuable than the minimal investment on the part of UPS or the other companies.Sampling of various vehicle technologies, results in the acquisition of knowledge and information that will greatly aid in decision mak ing. The purchasing team will make informed decisions that will be beneficial for the company in terms of cost and efficiency.Under a fixed exchange rate system, expansionary monetary policy depletes foreign reserves at the Federal Reserve. Comment on this statement with the help of an Aggregate Supply â€"Aggregate Demand framework as a tool of analysis.An expansionary monetary policy occurs due to actions taken by FED that result in an increase in money supply. Assuming a fixed exchange rate by US on the British pound, the above AA-DD diagram is used to explain the effect of a monetary policy under an exchange rate system that is fixed. A shift from AA to A’A’ indicates an increase in money supply. As a result pressure will mount on the exchange rate due to a decline in interest rate for US. As a result the rate of return of British assets will be high compared to US assets. This implies that more pounds will be requested by private investors in exchange of US dollars to take u p the advantageous opportunities of British assets. However, due to a fixed exchange rate, the resulting high demand for pounds will be curbed by interventions undertaken by FED, hence the market regaining its equilibrium.Analyze the implications of currency appreciation and depreciation for Globalization, and explain how the weakening of the U.S. dollar will make U. S. companies more attractive to foreign investorsCurrency appreciation and depreciation will affect the exchange rates. Exchange rates will in turn impact on globalization. Exchange rates will affect all the transactions that are carried out across borders. Trade, tourism, investment and finance will also be influenced by the worldwide monetary policies. As US dollar weakens, its exports become comparatively less expensive. This will make it more attractive to consumers as well as foreign investors. The products of exporters will attract high sales hence, huge benefits. Again, as the dollar weakens foreigners travel to US becomes cheap, but foreign travel on the other hand become expensive. This means that parks and hotel investors will flock to US due to high tourists’ inflow.Suppose that the free market exchange rate for the dollar is 120 yen, but the U.S. and Japanese governments want it to be 130 yen/dollar. Use graphs to illustrate what the governments can do to achieve that goal.The initial exchange rate between the yen and $ is 120 and it can only be increased to 130 if the Japanese government agrees to depreciate its currency (yen) relative to the dollar.Explain why economic policies aimed at stabilization can actually increase, rather than decrease, the magnitudes of economic fluctuations.The monetary and fiscal policies that are aimed at stabilization will exacerbate the magnitude of economic fluctuations because the policies negatively affect the economy through unpredictable and long lags between policy formulation and implementation. Again, the policy has little effect on AD (Aggreg ate Demand). The proposal, passage and implementation of the policies may take long.

Huntington s Disease And Its Effects - 831 Words

Huntington’s Disease Huntington’s is named after George Huntington who was the first person to describe the disease in 1872. However it wasn’t until 1993 that the gene that causes Huntington’s was discovered. Huntington’s is an inherited progressive disease that affects the brain and causes severe cognitive decline. The result is involuntary movements, emotional disturbance, damaged perception and memory as well as overall lowered though processing ability. We know that Huntington’s is a genetic disease because in 1993 they found the gene that causes it which happens to be chromosome 4. The function of chromosome 4 is currently unknown, however the defective gene has excessive repetition (from 40 to more than 80 times) of the sequence â€Å"CAG†. This results in a malformed protein which is prone to clump in the brain. The clumping causes nearby nerves to die creating the symptoms of Huntington’s. Prior to 1993 they knew it was genetic as it is hereditary. Sadly the Huntington gene is dominant, so each child of a Huntington carrier has a 50% chance of inheriting it. A person with Huntington’s can develop symptoms anywhere in between2 and 80, however symptoms generally appear mid-life. In the case that the child doesn’t copy the defective gene, they will neither get the disease nor be a carrier of it. Back in the 18th century when Huntington’s was first recognised it was still poorly understood, this was due to the fact that people who had the disease died before symptomsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Huntington s Disease And Its Effects On The Patients And Their Families1636 Words   |  7 Pagesdecided to have genetic testing to discern if they had Huntington’s disease. Their father had Huntington’s disease and it was a devastating experience. Their father was in the middle stage, he had a wobbly, spasmodic walk, spontaneous movements and his cognitive capabilities were waning. Chloe was negative, but her sister was positive. Watching my friends undergo testing and listening about their father revealed to me how Huntington’s disease has extensive emotional, social, and mental impact on the patientsRead MoreHuntington s Disease : A Dynamic, Neurological Disorder1632 Words   |  7 PagesHuntington s disease is a dynamic, neurological disorder. Tragicall y, it doesn t demonstrate manifestations until people have reached they’re 30 s or more. Children whose parent s have this genetic disorder have a 50-50 ( ) possibility of acquiring the trait. History Huntington s disease was found by numerous researchers before George Huntington. For instance in the 1840 s HD was described in writing as a Chronic hereditary chorea by Dr Waters of Franklin N.Y., ( ) who found aRead MoreHuntington s Disease : A Progressive Brain Disorder Caused By A Defective Gene1134 Words   |  5 PagesHuntington s Disease (HD) is a progressive brain disorder caused by a defective gene. This disease causes changes in the central area of the brain, which affect movement, mood and thinking skills. Nerve cells become impaired, causing several segments of the brain to fail. The disease disturbs movement, behavior and perception the affected people abilities to walk, think, reason and talk are slowly weakened to a point that they eventually become entirely dependent on other people for care. HD isRead MoreResearch Paper on Huntingtons Disease1268 Words   |  6 PagesHuntington’s disease is a hereditary brain disorder that is progressive in neurodegenerati on; which means, there is a loss of function and structures of one’s neurons. In the long run it results in the loss of both mental and physical control. The disease affects muscle coordination, cognition and behavior. It used to be known as Huntington’s chorea because it is the most common genetic disease that is the cause of abnormal twitching. Huntington s has an intense effect on patients, as individualsRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Huntington s Disease1350 Words   |  6 PagesHuntington s Disease Huntington s disease is an inherited neurodegenerative disease that is caused by a mutation on the HTT gene. It typically effects persons in their third to fifth decade of life and can be passed onto their children. Neurons in the brain waste away or degenerate in different areas causing the characterizing symptoms, such as dance-like movements and mental decline. Diagnosis and prognosis can be devastating to both individual and family. However, there are genetic tests thatRead MoreEssay on Huntington’s Disease990 Words   |  4 Pagesneurological disease which will not show its effects until mid-life. Because of this disorder, the gene is known as â€Å"The Huntington Gene,† though it has also been referred to as â€Å"The Wolf-Hirschorn Gene† and â€Å"IT15† meaning â€Å"Interesting Transcript #15.† The Huntington Gene codes for a protein known as huntingtin. This protein carries the amino acid glutamine, which aids in a variety of metabolic processes. In fact, â€Å"the repetition of the ‘word’ ‘C A G’ in the middle of the (Huntington) gene resultsRead MoreHuntington s Disease Is A Rare Progressive Genetic Disorder2026 Words   |  9 PagesHuntington s Chorea or Huntington s Disease is a rare progressive genetic disorder which afflicts roughly 7 out of every 100,000 people in North America (Rawlins, 2016, pp. 144–153). The disease manifests primarily in tissues of the brain, and affects the shutdown of many primary functions including speech, movement, and cognitive abilities. With a strong genetic component, there is a 50% chance of just one parent passing the gene linked with Huntington s Disease along to offspring; additionallyRead MoreGenetic Testing And Mental Health Disorders1039 Words   |  5 PagesHuntington’s disease throu gh human genome and family research. Diagnostic and presymptomatic testing is available by discovering a gene mutation for Huntington Disease (HD) and prepares persons who are at risk for Huntington Disease (HD) to ask for genetic testing. A multi-visit protocol is enacted when HD genetic testing is offered through HD testing centers, followed by education and counseling for those requesting to have HD gene testing. I will use this paper to define Huntington’s disease, choreaRead MoreDisorders of the Nervous System: Huntington’s disease800 Words   |  4 PagesHuntington’s disease Huntington’s disease destroys the organs that carry the functions of the central nervous system. Kalat (2013) states, â€Å"Huntington disease (also known as Huntington disease or Huntington’s Chorea) is a severe neurological disorder that strikes about 1 person in 10,000 in the United States† (A.B. Young, 1995, p. 258).Individual’s develop the symptoms in their middle age, but even if it is a rare disorders juveniles as well as children before the age of ten can develop the disease. Huntington’sRead MoreHuntington s Disease And The Nervous System856 Words   |  4 Pages Huntington’s disease, also known as Huntington’s chorea, is a rare pathology among the nervous system. With fewer than 200,000 US cases per year is an inherited condition in which nerve cells in the brain break down over a period of time. This disease will usually start to effect people when they are in their 30s or 40s. Huntington’s usually results in psych iatric symptoms, progressive movement and thinking. No cure to this disease exists but physical therapy, drugs, and talk therapy can help manage

Victim Impact Statement Free Essays

Victim Impact Statement – Drafted by Blanche Dubois Creative Writing Task – English HL Divya Jethwani (12B) Victim Impact Statement – Drafted by Blanche Dubois Creative Writing Task – English HL Divya Jethwani (12B) Your honor, I, Blanche DuBois am here today, as your living example of how a cruel crime can affect a person so radically, bringing in a change so drastic causing them to feel alienated and unwanted. The case with regard to my rape that we address in the court today may just be in relation to a sole crime committed by my darling sister’s husband, Stanley Kowalski; however, in all honesty I feel that I have been victimized right from the day I arrived at their residence at Elysian Fields. It may be a little too late according to the law to discuss a crime almost 5 years after it was committed, however that would only be in order if this crime and its effects were subdued instantly. We will write a custom essay sample on Victim Impact Statement or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although, obviously that wasn’t the case, and evidently I am still suffering from the consequences of other people’s actions, I am still labeled as the person who is mentally imbalanced and furthermore, I don’t have enough money to pay off my debts for my stay at the recuperation center anymore. Who is going to restore my reputation? Who is going to pay off these bills that were generated for my recovery after my assault? How do I feel, after all these years, now that I am finally out of the four-walled room in the mental asylum that felt like prison? I feel incompetent, I feel redundant, I feel damaged and lastly I feel broken beyond repair. The years have passed by, but me; I’m still stuck in time, still stuck in that moment when I was whisked away to a mental asylum in opposition to my belief that I was going away with the handsome Shep Huntleigh. Is this fair your honor? Can the emotional scars that are now engraved on me be justified? It is possible to say that I might have been remotely imbalanced earlier due to my disposition after the loss of our ancestral home, Belle Reve and I also lost my reputation and status back in Laurel for indulging in inappropriate acts with several men. It is also true that I have lost my husband several years go and the loss has been absolutely unbearable causing me to turn to alcohol and other harmful habits, however when I arrived at Stella darling’s house, I expected to receive love, warmth and affection but all I was showered with in return was animosity and a cold shoulder from Stanley Kowalski. It may not have started with an instant hatred; in fact it didn’t start with hatred at all. Stanley appeared to be of a very flirtatious and playful nature on our first encounter. The polygamous type, who may have possibly been sexually attracted to more than one woman, I noticed it instantly but I didn’t let it get to me. I had a sense of respect for the man, after all he is my sister’s husband, however after his act of infidelity, all I can say is that all men are the same, all with selfish desires. The first time I noticed a change in Stanley’s behavior was after the realization that we lost Belle Reve. He started to doubt me, started to believe that I had squandered away the money from the sale of Belle Reve and that I was lying to him and my sister. I do agree that I can be vain quite some times, however I can assure you all present here today I could never be so deceitful to perform such a venal act. The fact that this had planted a seed of doubt in Stanley’s mind started to make me nervous, my insecurities started to emerge and I could not handle this attack on me as a person. Stanley changed so drastically over such a short period of time, and suddenly I know that he has attacked my poor baby sister and planted a slap on her face. Which gentleman does that to his wife during pregnancy your honor? Can this even be considered a human act? Forget slapping your wife during her pregnancy, how can one explain an act of adultery with your wife’s sister when she is going through labor in the hospital that very night? Chivalry is dead your honor chivalry is dead! That night when my little doll was suffering in hospital delivering his baby, Stanley came home to celebrate the happiness of the new life in the world and instead of celebrating together the birth of this child, the night turned into that of regret, hate and abuse. Stanley thoughtlessly abused my weakness and the fact that I was helpless and couldn’t shout for help at all. He was ruthless; he started yelling at me, called me a dreamer and told me I was imagining all the things that were happening to me and then when I tried to run away from him, he stopped me, blocked my way and I was helpless. I couldn’t run! And then he indignantly assaulted me in my sister’s house†¦ how am I supposed to feel your honor? Stanley Kowalski’s behavior is downright disgusting and filthy. This man is the reason for all the suffering my baby sister faces to date even after the birth of her child. I cannot handle to see her like this your honor, my baby sister; she’s the apple of my eye. Please help her, please help us, and please understand. Punish this brute rightly with the worst punishment ever for this sort of behavior. Your honor, we depend on you and the law for the correct judgment and punishment for all the pain and grief the beast has caused us. Thank You, Blanche DuBois Bibliography: â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire. † SparkNotes. SparkNotes, n. d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. http://www. sparknotes. com/lit/streetcar/summary. html. â€Å"AMERICANA – E-Journal of American Studies in Hungary. † AMERICANA: â€Å"Southern Bellehood (De)Constructed: A Case Study of Blanche DuBois† by Biljana OklopA? iA?. N. p. , n. d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. http://americanaejournal. hu/vol4no2/oklopcic. How to cite Victim Impact Statement, Essay examples

Reaction Paper on Trust Doctrine on Intergenerational Responsibility Essay Example

Reaction Paper on Trust Doctrine on Intergenerational Responsibility Essay REACTION PAPER ON TRUST DOCTRINE OF INTERGENERATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY by Felrose Lynn V. Acenas We are poised right at the edge of some very major changes on Earth. Maybe it is indeed safe to say that we really are a geological force thats changing the  planet. Within the lifetimes of todays children, scientists say, the climate could reach a state unknown in  civilization. Whether we accept it or not, Climate Change is upon us. It is good to know that many of us are active in bringing about change and are concerned with the environment. Climate Change is a major problem and various entities around the world are doing their best to address this problem. This is why Trust Doctrine is proposed, it is for the litigation of climate change issues with an emphasis on the rights of future generations. The public trust doctrine provides a method whereby environmental lawyers can bring suit against governments on behalf of current and future generations. Deriving from the common law of property, the public trust doctrine is the most fundamental legal mechanism to ensure that government safeguards natural resources necessary for public welfare and survival. In the context of the climate crisis, which threatens the life of innumerable human beings into the future, the public trust doctrine functions as a judicial tool to ensure that the political branches of government protect the basic right to life held by citizens. An ancient yet enduring legal principle, it underlies modern statutory law. At the core of the doctrine is the principle that every sovereign government holds vital natural resources in â€Å"trust† for the public. As trustee, government must protect the natural trust for present and future generations. It must not allow irrevocable harm to critical resources by private interests. In the Oposa Vs Factoran Case, the petitioners, all minors, sought the help of the Supreme Court to order the respondent, the Secretary of DENR, to cancel all existing Timber License Agreement in the country and to cease and desist from receiving, accepting, processing, renewing or approving the new TLAs. They alleged that the massive commercial logging in the country is causing vast abuses on rainforest. We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction Paper on Trust Doctrine on Intergenerational Responsibility specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction Paper on Trust Doctrine on Intergenerational Responsibility specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction Paper on Trust Doctrine on Intergenerational Responsibility specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They furthered the rights of their generation and the rights of the generations yet unborn to a balanced and healthful ecology. The Supreme Court decided in the Affirmative. Under Section 16, Article II of the 1987 Constitution it states that: The state shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful; ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature. Needless to say, every generation has a responsibility to the next to preserve that rhythm and harmony for the full enjoyment of a balanced and healthful ecology. Put a little differently, the minor’s assertion to their right to a sound environment constitutes, at the same time, the performance of their obligation to ensure the protection of that right for the generations to come. This is an eye opener, If these minors did their part, how much more those with discernment, and especially those who are legally knowledgeable. We must all remember that we all have an intergenerational responsibility to our future generations.

Argumentative on Biological Engineering Essay Example

Argumentative on Biological Engineering Essay Example Argumentative on Biological Engineering Essay Argumentative on Biological Engineering Essay The ethical debate surrounding biological engineering to duplicate human DNA in order to produce a genetic replicate has found its way into discussion through several media outlets, including medical Journals, film and literature. Questions of who we are as both individuals and as a human species are raised in hopes of addressing the controversial dilemma surrounding this biological manipulation. Several films and novels have wrestled with the issue through the narration of fictional characters who find themselves in the eye of the storm, as the products of genetic cloning. Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro addresses the bioethical debate in a less direct manner, looking at the issue in a fictional context. Through the eyes of Kathy H. , we are guided through her experiences as a clone growing up in an institution meant to rear the students in humane environments. Ishigurds novel was not written as a means to argue the ethics of cloning, however, his novel Never Let Me Go serves as a reference for the bioethical debate. Kathy H. s narration can help answer the questions of how biologically engineered beings should be treated in elation to their classification as humans or non-humans, as Ishiguro attempts to define humanity through the eyes of a Kathy H. , a clone with experiences much like that of any other ordinary human. Through the analysis of Ishigurds novel and several articles discussing the connections between bioethics and Ishigurds approach to the issue, I will attempt to interpret an answer to the often unconsidered, yet entirely relevant ques tion: what does it mean to be human? Never Let Me Go is set in the backdrop of an alternate society between the 1960s and the 1990s, where scientific and medical advancement have expanded the uman lifespan to surpass 100 years. The story does not intend to give the novel a futuristic feel, in fact the novel centers on the experience of the narrator and her fellow clones rather than focusing on the scientific aspect of their creation. Though we are not told throughout most of the story what the main characters really are, we discover that they are actually a product of cloning, which has become a normal part of society. Thus meaning, society is fully aware that clones are being made and kept, and they also know that they are being used a means to extend the human lifespan. Clones are made from existing humans in a society led by a governmental program that pursues cures for cancer and heart disease with organs extracted from these beings (Storrow). This alone tells us that the government hardly considered the clones to have any sort of rights, not even human rights, from the moment they were created. Simply put, they were treated merely as medical bi-products used to harvest organs that would increase the health of the greater population. The constitution protects humans, yet did not protect these clones from being treated as lab rats. This can be interpreted as a means to define humanity as a result of origin. Because the clones were not naturally produced, but instead created inside of a government lab, they were not considered humane, and were therefore treated otherwise. So can we consider humanity to be a result of origin? more privileged setting that most others of her kind, at a school called Hailsham. In the novel, this is one of the very few institutions that decided to take these biologically engineered beings and allow them to live and grow up in a humane environment. The concept of Hailsham, a school for clones, is another instance of Ishigurds attempt to speculate the definition of humanity. The clones that were kept in labs did not get the chance to experience norma l human interactions, and were not given a chance to learn. Hailsham provided a rather large group of clones, including Kathy, to live with each other and interact on a daily basis like normal humans would. It is revealed towards the end of the novel that Hailshams identity is a social experiment established to prove the humanity of clones, as stated by journalist Rachel Carroll. The students were given the privilege to participate in the ormal rituals that adolescents take in the classrooms at schools to prove that they could interact and behave Just as any other human. Though the clones were removed from the less privileged factories, they were not completely treated as humans. They were merely part of an experiment to test whether they had any humanity in them at all. This experiment caused them to be secluded from society, with caused several childish school rumors to circulate amongst the children about the dangers outside the school borders. The children role-played real life situations uch as that of ordering coffee at a caf? © and were taught the geography of only their immediate location in England. They were cut off from the world and told only what they needed to know. One of their teachers, Miss Lucy, explained to her students one day that they would donate their organs and complete a euphemism used to explain death by donation before they even became middle aged. Therefore, their experience and education was limited because they would never get the chance to explore the outside world. Another teacher Justified their experiment, claiming that if students were reared in humane, cultivated environments, it is possible to grow up to be as sensitive and intelligent as any other ordinary human being (Ishiguro p. 256). They were raised in an environment that was thought to promote or prove their humanity, but the keepers of Hailsham knew that the clones would meet the same fate regardless of their humanity or not. Ishiguro used the very human like setting at Hailsham to say that perhaps it is our environments and our response to those environments that ultimately defines out humanity. Yet in the case of these clones, hose reactions were redundant, because proved human or not, they would still dedicate their lives to preparing to donate their organs for the sake of others. Another important point to take into consideration was Art Gallery that played a major role in the lives of the students at Hailsham. The students were encouraged on a regular basis, and nearly forced, to create works of art, whether it be a painting, story, poem or sculpture. These pieces of art were gathered and the best art would be taken and placed in a special gallery, which the students never saw and knew very little of. Still, the students worked hard, hoping to get their work into the gallery which they knew practically nothing about. When Kathy meets with one of her teachers years after leaving Hailsham, the teacher tells her we took away your art because we thought it would reveal your souls. Or to put it more finely, we did it to humanity, which would be defining it by the creation of art. It is often said that our art bears our souls, that literature is the writers soul expressing itself with paper and pen. It could quite possibly be that our ability to express ourselves creatively allows s to confirm our souls and be determined as human. Kathy H. , raised in Hailsham with her friends Tommy and Ruth, is the most important source for determining the meaning of humanity in regards to Ishigurds novel. Kathy is 31 years old when the novel begins, and she looks back on her life at Hailsham as she understands it now. Because the novel was written in memoir form behind which the contours of the organ banking program are gradually revealed, Ishiguro provides a sound basis for rejecting the position that human clones lack dignity (Storrow). Kathys narration is a strong foundation for the slow reveal of the loning, because the gradual reveal of the truth was used as a method to convince readers that Kathy was human. If Ishiguro had never blatantly stated to the readers that Kathy was in fact a clone, it would have been impossible to call her anything but human. It could have been inferred, due to the clues hidden between the lines all throughout the novel, that something was peculiar about Kathy and her upbringing. Yet to question her humanity would be completely absurd, because her story was rather average. She made friends with fellow Hailsham students, Ruth and Tommy, ust as any other human student would befriend someone in school. She fell in love with Tommy, and eventually lost both Tommy and Ruth when they completed after several donations. Only when the truth of their origin does one begin to question her humanity as readers. Richard Storrow writes that by revealing the details of the organ donation program within the story of a human clone whose life has been define by love and loss and hope, the novel cautions that any move to classify them as lacking the essential elements of personhood will be dishonest (Storrow). Storrow uggests that it is our experiences with love and loss that ultimately define our humanity. This is plausible, because Kathy and her friends suffered death and loss just as any other human would. They argued, they reconciled, they experience the Joy of friendship, and had very normal relations with one another. Quite reasonably, Ishiguro and Storrow suggest that our experience serve as a reference to define our humanity. In conclusion, one must consider that only by the accidental remark and rumors do the characters themselves understand what they truly are. These characters were naware that they were perceived as illegitimate and false in the name of humanity. Even when they do discover what their lives have been laid out to be, they are hardly shocked by the fact, because to some extent they already knew that they were not average. Their seclusion from society deprived them of any sense of any other life they could have possibly lived. Though Ishigurds novel raises several possible answers to the larger question, there is no concrete description that defines humanity. Perhaps it is our origin or our expression and art that reveal ourselves and prove us human. It could even possibly be the nature of the responses we give as a result of our environment. Or perhaps, it is our instinct for survival. It is certain that clones, which will always fuel a heated debate. Legalization of cloning is limited to only a handful of states in America, because one argument will always refute another. Perhaps we have to define humanity for ourselves, not in the name of science, not in the name of public health, but for our own sake. Could we find the answer if we sat down and contemplated the thought, What is it that makes me, as an individual, human?