Visit museum and discuss this photo with your own words Essay

Visit gallery and talk about this photograph with your own words - Essay Example This piece of the divider has expound edges. Moving to the base of the image, the room is all around covered. At the left side is a shelf loaded up with books. At the further back, there is a resplendently planned bureau with a bloom jar. An entryway is alongside it with a cherubim cutting on top, similar to a blessed messenger guarding its occupants. A seat could be close to it with hide holding tight it, which appears to have a vile face. The divider alongside it has reflect or a work of art. There is another bureau with a blossom container. The focal point where the light falls is the planning phase. This must be a table for a draftsman, painter, or architect. A dim light is alongside the table. A little book is on it, on ruler or a long slim article, with a small man on it. He goes to the course of the entryway. On the highest point of the room is an open rooftop with marginally foreboding shadows. It is an overcast day, however the sun looks from the left. The sun gives light to the shadows inside the room. I picked this work since it shows transparency that is basic to care. The sky and the sun are images of transparency. Their passage into the room evacuates the limits of the world. The mists are somewhat dull in light of the fact that to learn is a troublesome assignment. The man coming out of the books implies that, through information, he is reawakened. He has gotten increasingly aware of his personality and crucial life. The sun sparkles on him since his way is more clear. He goes to the entryway, where his fate sits tight for him. The man is

The Long Telegram of George Kennan

The Long Telegram of George Kennan The Long Telegram was sent by George Kennan from the United States Embassy in Moscow to Washington, where it was gotten on February 22nd, 1946. The wire was provoked by US requests about Soviet conduct, particularly concerning their refusal to join the recently made World Bank and International Monetary Fund. In his content, Kennan sketched out Soviet conviction and practice and proposed the strategy of regulation, making the message a key report throughout the entire existence of the Cold War. The name long gets from the messages 8000-word length. US and Soviet Division The US and USSR had as of late battled as partners, across Europe in the fight to crush Nazi Germany, and in Asia to overcome Japan. US supplies, including trucks, had helped the Soviets endure the hardship of Nazi assaults and afterward push them directly back to Berlin. However, this was a marriage from absolutely one circumstance, and when the war was finished, the two new superpowers respected each other watchfully. The US was a law based country helping set Western Europe back into monetary shape. The USSR was a dangerous fascism under Stalin, and they involved a wrap of Eastern Europe and wished to transform it into a progression of cradle, vassal states. The US and the USSR appeared to be a lot of contradicted. The US subsequently needed to recognize what Stalin and his system were doing, which was the reason they asked Kennan what he knew. The USSR would join the UN, and would make critical suggestions about joining NATO, however as the Iron Curtain fell on Eastern Europe, the US understood they currently imparted the world to a gigantic, amazing and against law based adversary. Control Kennans Long Telegram didnt simply answer with understanding into the Soviets. It authored the hypothesis of regulation, a method of managing the Soviets. For Kennan, in the event that one country got socialist, it would apply pressure on its neighbors and they also may get socialist. Hadnt Russia presently spread toward the east of Europe? Werent socialists working in China? Werent France Italy still crude after their wartime encounters and looking towards socialism? It was expected that, if Soviet expansionism was left unchecked, it would spread over incredible regions of the globe. The appropriate response was regulation. The US should move to help nations in danger from socialism by propping them up with the financial, political, military, and social guide they expected to avoid the Soviet circle. After the wire was shared around government, Kennan made it open. President Truman received the control strategy in his Truman Doctrine and sent the US to counter Soviet activities. In 1947, the CIA went through impressive entireties of cash to guarantee the Christian Democrats vanquished the Communist Party in decisions, and, in this way, got the nation far from the Soviets.​ Obviously, regulation was before long curved. So as to get countries far from the socialist alliance, the US bolstered some awful governments, and designed the fall of equitably chose communist ones. Control remained US approach all through the Cold War, finishing in 1991, however talked about as something to be reawakened when it came to US matches from that point forward.

Economics

Economics Economics Home›Economics Posts›Economics Economics PostsExplain the purpose of automobile insurance and examine the extent to which automobile insurance does encourage risky behavior.Car owners are faced with a lot of uncertainties that include accidents, fire and theft. In case of such uncertainties they are likely to incur damages or losses that are substantial. Automobile insurance, therefore play a vital role of taking up the damages that could have been burdened by the owner. The insurance give compensation for bodily harm and physical damage to the automotive as a result of a road accident. Any bills arising from the liability are also covered by the insurance.When an individual has an automotive insurance the exhibit a risky behavior usually termed as ex ante moral hazard. This implies that they tend to behave and act in a more risky way since they know that any negative consequences that will arise will be paid for by the insurer. Others are less careful to an extent of leaving their car unlocked or driving more hence increasing theft and accident risks.Distinguish between positive and negative externalities. Use examples to explain how each of these could arise from human behavior in society.An externality is the effects that an individual’s actions have on a third party. Positive externality results when the effect is for better or is good. For example, when a neighbor places security lights on the road leading to his/her residence for security reasons will also benefit the neighbors. On the other hand, a negative externality results when the effect is worse or bad. For example, when an individual decides to leave the physical appearance of his house unattractive in a grade-A slob will depress the market price for its neighborhood.Until recently some athletes were using performance enhancing drugs that were not detected by traditional methods.In like manner, the authorities are treating and filtering the water that flows into people’s homes, but it is possible that the contaminant is hard to detect. Explain how people could be protected from suspected contaminants if they are not known or difficult to detect. The authorities should inform the consumers about the treatment and filtration, that it is nearly 100 percent. The consumer’s confidence of the exact level of treatment will protect their interests.4. Evaluating new vehicle technologies to reduce costs is important for companies like UPS and other companies involved in parcel delivery services. The company that can reduce costs in this industry can emerge, or remain, as the market leader. Waiting too long could be too costly and moving too fast could be a fatal mistake. Explain how the knowledge gained by sampling various technologies could be far more valuable than the minimal investment on the part of UPS or the other companies.Sampling of various vehicle technologies, results in the acquisition of knowledge and information that will greatly aid in decision mak ing. The purchasing team will make informed decisions that will be beneficial for the company in terms of cost and efficiency.Under a fixed exchange rate system, expansionary monetary policy depletes foreign reserves at the Federal Reserve. Comment on this statement with the help of an Aggregate Supply â€"Aggregate Demand framework as a tool of analysis.An expansionary monetary policy occurs due to actions taken by FED that result in an increase in money supply. Assuming a fixed exchange rate by US on the British pound, the above AA-DD diagram is used to explain the effect of a monetary policy under an exchange rate system that is fixed. A shift from AA to A’A’ indicates an increase in money supply. As a result pressure will mount on the exchange rate due to a decline in interest rate for US. As a result the rate of return of British assets will be high compared to US assets. This implies that more pounds will be requested by private investors in exchange of US dollars to take u p the advantageous opportunities of British assets. However, due to a fixed exchange rate, the resulting high demand for pounds will be curbed by interventions undertaken by FED, hence the market regaining its equilibrium.Analyze the implications of currency appreciation and depreciation for Globalization, and explain how the weakening of the U.S. dollar will make U. S. companies more attractive to foreign investorsCurrency appreciation and depreciation will affect the exchange rates. Exchange rates will in turn impact on globalization. Exchange rates will affect all the transactions that are carried out across borders. Trade, tourism, investment and finance will also be influenced by the worldwide monetary policies. As US dollar weakens, its exports become comparatively less expensive. This will make it more attractive to consumers as well as foreign investors. The products of exporters will attract high sales hence, huge benefits. Again, as the dollar weakens foreigners travel to US becomes cheap, but foreign travel on the other hand become expensive. This means that parks and hotel investors will flock to US due to high tourists’ inflow.Suppose that the free market exchange rate for the dollar is 120 yen, but the U.S. and Japanese governments want it to be 130 yen/dollar. Use graphs to illustrate what the governments can do to achieve that goal.The initial exchange rate between the yen and $ is 120 and it can only be increased to 130 if the Japanese government agrees to depreciate its currency (yen) relative to the dollar.Explain why economic policies aimed at stabilization can actually increase, rather than decrease, the magnitudes of economic fluctuations.The monetary and fiscal policies that are aimed at stabilization will exacerbate the magnitude of economic fluctuations because the policies negatively affect the economy through unpredictable and long lags between policy formulation and implementation. Again, the policy has little effect on AD (Aggreg ate Demand). The proposal, passage and implementation of the policies may take long.

Huntington s Disease And Its Effects - 831 Words

Huntington’s Disease Huntington’s is named after George Huntington who was the first person to describe the disease in 1872. However it wasn’t until 1993 that the gene that causes Huntington’s was discovered. Huntington’s is an inherited progressive disease that affects the brain and causes severe cognitive decline. The result is involuntary movements, emotional disturbance, damaged perception and memory as well as overall lowered though processing ability. We know that Huntington’s is a genetic disease because in 1993 they found the gene that causes it which happens to be chromosome 4. The function of chromosome 4 is currently unknown, however the defective gene has excessive repetition (from 40 to more than 80 times) of the sequence â€Å"CAG†. This results in a malformed protein which is prone to clump in the brain. The clumping causes nearby nerves to die creating the symptoms of Huntington’s. Prior to 1993 they knew it was genetic as it is hereditary. Sadly the Huntington gene is dominant, so each child of a Huntington carrier has a 50% chance of inheriting it. A person with Huntington’s can develop symptoms anywhere in between2 and 80, however symptoms generally appear mid-life. In the case that the child doesn’t copy the defective gene, they will neither get the disease nor be a carrier of it. Back in the 18th century when Huntington’s was first recognised it was still poorly understood, this was due to the fact that people who had the disease died before symptomsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Huntington s Disease And Its Effects On The Patients And Their Families1636 Words   |  7 Pagesdecided to have genetic testing to discern if they had Huntington’s disease. Their father had Huntington’s disease and it was a devastating experience. Their father was in the middle stage, he had a wobbly, spasmodic walk, spontaneous movements and his cognitive capabilities were waning. Chloe was negative, but her sister was positive. Watching my friends undergo testing and listening about their father revealed to me how Huntington’s disease has extensive emotional, social, and mental impact on the patientsRead MoreHuntington s Disease : A Dynamic, Neurological Disorder1632 Words   |  7 PagesHuntington s disease is a dynamic, neurological disorder. Tragicall y, it doesn t demonstrate manifestations until people have reached they’re 30 s or more. Children whose parent s have this genetic disorder have a 50-50 ( ) possibility of acquiring the trait. History Huntington s disease was found by numerous researchers before George Huntington. For instance in the 1840 s HD was described in writing as a Chronic hereditary chorea by Dr Waters of Franklin N.Y., ( ) who found aRead MoreHuntington s Disease : A Progressive Brain Disorder Caused By A Defective Gene1134 Words   |  5 PagesHuntington s Disease (HD) is a progressive brain disorder caused by a defective gene. This disease causes changes in the central area of the brain, which affect movement, mood and thinking skills. Nerve cells become impaired, causing several segments of the brain to fail. The disease disturbs movement, behavior and perception the affected people abilities to walk, think, reason and talk are slowly weakened to a point that they eventually become entirely dependent on other people for care. HD isRead MoreResearch Paper on Huntingtons Disease1268 Words   |  6 PagesHuntington’s disease is a hereditary brain disorder that is progressive in neurodegenerati on; which means, there is a loss of function and structures of one’s neurons. In the long run it results in the loss of both mental and physical control. The disease affects muscle coordination, cognition and behavior. It used to be known as Huntington’s chorea because it is the most common genetic disease that is the cause of abnormal twitching. Huntington s has an intense effect on patients, as individualsRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Huntington s Disease1350 Words   |  6 PagesHuntington s Disease Huntington s disease is an inherited neurodegenerative disease that is caused by a mutation on the HTT gene. It typically effects persons in their third to fifth decade of life and can be passed onto their children. Neurons in the brain waste away or degenerate in different areas causing the characterizing symptoms, such as dance-like movements and mental decline. Diagnosis and prognosis can be devastating to both individual and family. However, there are genetic tests thatRead MoreEssay on Huntington’s Disease990 Words   |  4 Pagesneurological disease which will not show its effects until mid-life. Because of this disorder, the gene is known as â€Å"The Huntington Gene,† though it has also been referred to as â€Å"The Wolf-Hirschorn Gene† and â€Å"IT15† meaning â€Å"Interesting Transcript #15.† The Huntington Gene codes for a protein known as huntingtin. This protein carries the amino acid glutamine, which aids in a variety of metabolic processes. In fact, â€Å"the repetition of the ‘word’ ‘C A G’ in the middle of the (Huntington) gene resultsRead MoreHuntington s Disease Is A Rare Progressive Genetic Disorder2026 Words   |  9 PagesHuntington s Chorea or Huntington s Disease is a rare progressive genetic disorder which afflicts roughly 7 out of every 100,000 people in North America (Rawlins, 2016, pp. 144–153). The disease manifests primarily in tissues of the brain, and affects the shutdown of many primary functions including speech, movement, and cognitive abilities. With a strong genetic component, there is a 50% chance of just one parent passing the gene linked with Huntington s Disease along to offspring; additionallyRead MoreGenetic Testing And Mental Health Disorders1039 Words   |  5 PagesHuntington’s disease throu gh human genome and family research. Diagnostic and presymptomatic testing is available by discovering a gene mutation for Huntington Disease (HD) and prepares persons who are at risk for Huntington Disease (HD) to ask for genetic testing. A multi-visit protocol is enacted when HD genetic testing is offered through HD testing centers, followed by education and counseling for those requesting to have HD gene testing. I will use this paper to define Huntington’s disease, choreaRead MoreDisorders of the Nervous System: Huntington’s disease800 Words   |  4 PagesHuntington’s disease Huntington’s disease destroys the organs that carry the functions of the central nervous system. Kalat (2013) states, â€Å"Huntington disease (also known as Huntington disease or Huntington’s Chorea) is a severe neurological disorder that strikes about 1 person in 10,000 in the United States† (A.B. Young, 1995, p. 258).Individual’s develop the symptoms in their middle age, but even if it is a rare disorders juveniles as well as children before the age of ten can develop the disease. Huntington’sRead MoreHuntington s Disease And The Nervous System856 Words   |  4 Pages Huntington’s disease, also known as Huntington’s chorea, is a rare pathology among the nervous system. With fewer than 200,000 US cases per year is an inherited condition in which nerve cells in the brain break down over a period of time. This disease will usually start to effect people when they are in their 30s or 40s. Huntington’s usually results in psych iatric symptoms, progressive movement and thinking. No cure to this disease exists but physical therapy, drugs, and talk therapy can help manage

Victim Impact Statement Free Essays

Victim Impact Statement – Drafted by Blanche Dubois Creative Writing Task – English HL Divya Jethwani (12B) Victim Impact Statement – Drafted by Blanche Dubois Creative Writing Task – English HL Divya Jethwani (12B) Your honor, I, Blanche DuBois am here today, as your living example of how a cruel crime can affect a person so radically, bringing in a change so drastic causing them to feel alienated and unwanted. The case with regard to my rape that we address in the court today may just be in relation to a sole crime committed by my darling sister’s husband, Stanley Kowalski; however, in all honesty I feel that I have been victimized right from the day I arrived at their residence at Elysian Fields. It may be a little too late according to the law to discuss a crime almost 5 years after it was committed, however that would only be in order if this crime and its effects were subdued instantly. We will write a custom essay sample on Victim Impact Statement or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although, obviously that wasn’t the case, and evidently I am still suffering from the consequences of other people’s actions, I am still labeled as the person who is mentally imbalanced and furthermore, I don’t have enough money to pay off my debts for my stay at the recuperation center anymore. Who is going to restore my reputation? Who is going to pay off these bills that were generated for my recovery after my assault? How do I feel, after all these years, now that I am finally out of the four-walled room in the mental asylum that felt like prison? I feel incompetent, I feel redundant, I feel damaged and lastly I feel broken beyond repair. The years have passed by, but me; I’m still stuck in time, still stuck in that moment when I was whisked away to a mental asylum in opposition to my belief that I was going away with the handsome Shep Huntleigh. Is this fair your honor? Can the emotional scars that are now engraved on me be justified? It is possible to say that I might have been remotely imbalanced earlier due to my disposition after the loss of our ancestral home, Belle Reve and I also lost my reputation and status back in Laurel for indulging in inappropriate acts with several men. It is also true that I have lost my husband several years go and the loss has been absolutely unbearable causing me to turn to alcohol and other harmful habits, however when I arrived at Stella darling’s house, I expected to receive love, warmth and affection but all I was showered with in return was animosity and a cold shoulder from Stanley Kowalski. It may not have started with an instant hatred; in fact it didn’t start with hatred at all. Stanley appeared to be of a very flirtatious and playful nature on our first encounter. The polygamous type, who may have possibly been sexually attracted to more than one woman, I noticed it instantly but I didn’t let it get to me. I had a sense of respect for the man, after all he is my sister’s husband, however after his act of infidelity, all I can say is that all men are the same, all with selfish desires. The first time I noticed a change in Stanley’s behavior was after the realization that we lost Belle Reve. He started to doubt me, started to believe that I had squandered away the money from the sale of Belle Reve and that I was lying to him and my sister. I do agree that I can be vain quite some times, however I can assure you all present here today I could never be so deceitful to perform such a venal act. The fact that this had planted a seed of doubt in Stanley’s mind started to make me nervous, my insecurities started to emerge and I could not handle this attack on me as a person. Stanley changed so drastically over such a short period of time, and suddenly I know that he has attacked my poor baby sister and planted a slap on her face. Which gentleman does that to his wife during pregnancy your honor? Can this even be considered a human act? Forget slapping your wife during her pregnancy, how can one explain an act of adultery with your wife’s sister when she is going through labor in the hospital that very night? Chivalry is dead your honor chivalry is dead! That night when my little doll was suffering in hospital delivering his baby, Stanley came home to celebrate the happiness of the new life in the world and instead of celebrating together the birth of this child, the night turned into that of regret, hate and abuse. Stanley thoughtlessly abused my weakness and the fact that I was helpless and couldn’t shout for help at all. He was ruthless; he started yelling at me, called me a dreamer and told me I was imagining all the things that were happening to me and then when I tried to run away from him, he stopped me, blocked my way and I was helpless. I couldn’t run! And then he indignantly assaulted me in my sister’s house†¦ how am I supposed to feel your honor? Stanley Kowalski’s behavior is downright disgusting and filthy. This man is the reason for all the suffering my baby sister faces to date even after the birth of her child. I cannot handle to see her like this your honor, my baby sister; she’s the apple of my eye. Please help her, please help us, and please understand. Punish this brute rightly with the worst punishment ever for this sort of behavior. Your honor, we depend on you and the law for the correct judgment and punishment for all the pain and grief the beast has caused us. Thank You, Blanche DuBois Bibliography: â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire. † SparkNotes. SparkNotes, n. d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. http://www. sparknotes. com/lit/streetcar/summary. html. â€Å"AMERICANA – E-Journal of American Studies in Hungary. † AMERICANA: â€Å"Southern Bellehood (De)Constructed: A Case Study of Blanche DuBois† by Biljana OklopA? iA?. N. p. , n. d. Web. 14 Oct. 2012. http://americanaejournal. hu/vol4no2/oklopcic. How to cite Victim Impact Statement, Essay examples

Reaction Paper on Trust Doctrine on Intergenerational Responsibility Essay Example

Reaction Paper on Trust Doctrine on Intergenerational Responsibility Essay REACTION PAPER ON TRUST DOCTRINE OF INTERGENERATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY by Felrose Lynn V. Acenas We are poised right at the edge of some very major changes on Earth. Maybe it is indeed safe to say that we really are a geological force thats changing the  planet. Within the lifetimes of todays children, scientists say, the climate could reach a state unknown in  civilization. Whether we accept it or not, Climate Change is upon us. It is good to know that many of us are active in bringing about change and are concerned with the environment. Climate Change is a major problem and various entities around the world are doing their best to address this problem. This is why Trust Doctrine is proposed, it is for the litigation of climate change issues with an emphasis on the rights of future generations. The public trust doctrine provides a method whereby environmental lawyers can bring suit against governments on behalf of current and future generations. Deriving from the common law of property, the public trust doctrine is the most fundamental legal mechanism to ensure that government safeguards natural resources necessary for public welfare and survival. In the context of the climate crisis, which threatens the life of innumerable human beings into the future, the public trust doctrine functions as a judicial tool to ensure that the political branches of government protect the basic right to life held by citizens. An ancient yet enduring legal principle, it underlies modern statutory law. At the core of the doctrine is the principle that every sovereign government holds vital natural resources in â€Å"trust† for the public. As trustee, government must protect the natural trust for present and future generations. It must not allow irrevocable harm to critical resources by private interests. In the Oposa Vs Factoran Case, the petitioners, all minors, sought the help of the Supreme Court to order the respondent, the Secretary of DENR, to cancel all existing Timber License Agreement in the country and to cease and desist from receiving, accepting, processing, renewing or approving the new TLAs. They alleged that the massive commercial logging in the country is causing vast abuses on rainforest. We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction Paper on Trust Doctrine on Intergenerational Responsibility specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction Paper on Trust Doctrine on Intergenerational Responsibility specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction Paper on Trust Doctrine on Intergenerational Responsibility specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They furthered the rights of their generation and the rights of the generations yet unborn to a balanced and healthful ecology. The Supreme Court decided in the Affirmative. Under Section 16, Article II of the 1987 Constitution it states that: The state shall protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful; ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature. Needless to say, every generation has a responsibility to the next to preserve that rhythm and harmony for the full enjoyment of a balanced and healthful ecology. Put a little differently, the minor’s assertion to their right to a sound environment constitutes, at the same time, the performance of their obligation to ensure the protection of that right for the generations to come. This is an eye opener, If these minors did their part, how much more those with discernment, and especially those who are legally knowledgeable. We must all remember that we all have an intergenerational responsibility to our future generations.

Argumentative on Biological Engineering Essay Example

Argumentative on Biological Engineering Essay Example Argumentative on Biological Engineering Essay Argumentative on Biological Engineering Essay The ethical debate surrounding biological engineering to duplicate human DNA in order to produce a genetic replicate has found its way into discussion through several media outlets, including medical Journals, film and literature. Questions of who we are as both individuals and as a human species are raised in hopes of addressing the controversial dilemma surrounding this biological manipulation. Several films and novels have wrestled with the issue through the narration of fictional characters who find themselves in the eye of the storm, as the products of genetic cloning. Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro addresses the bioethical debate in a less direct manner, looking at the issue in a fictional context. Through the eyes of Kathy H. , we are guided through her experiences as a clone growing up in an institution meant to rear the students in humane environments. Ishigurds novel was not written as a means to argue the ethics of cloning, however, his novel Never Let Me Go serves as a reference for the bioethical debate. Kathy H. s narration can help answer the questions of how biologically engineered beings should be treated in elation to their classification as humans or non-humans, as Ishiguro attempts to define humanity through the eyes of a Kathy H. , a clone with experiences much like that of any other ordinary human. Through the analysis of Ishigurds novel and several articles discussing the connections between bioethics and Ishigurds approach to the issue, I will attempt to interpret an answer to the often unconsidered, yet entirely relevant ques tion: what does it mean to be human? Never Let Me Go is set in the backdrop of an alternate society between the 1960s and the 1990s, where scientific and medical advancement have expanded the uman lifespan to surpass 100 years. The story does not intend to give the novel a futuristic feel, in fact the novel centers on the experience of the narrator and her fellow clones rather than focusing on the scientific aspect of their creation. Though we are not told throughout most of the story what the main characters really are, we discover that they are actually a product of cloning, which has become a normal part of society. Thus meaning, society is fully aware that clones are being made and kept, and they also know that they are being used a means to extend the human lifespan. Clones are made from existing humans in a society led by a governmental program that pursues cures for cancer and heart disease with organs extracted from these beings (Storrow). This alone tells us that the government hardly considered the clones to have any sort of rights, not even human rights, from the moment they were created. Simply put, they were treated merely as medical bi-products used to harvest organs that would increase the health of the greater population. The constitution protects humans, yet did not protect these clones from being treated as lab rats. This can be interpreted as a means to define humanity as a result of origin. Because the clones were not naturally produced, but instead created inside of a government lab, they were not considered humane, and were therefore treated otherwise. So can we consider humanity to be a result of origin? more privileged setting that most others of her kind, at a school called Hailsham. In the novel, this is one of the very few institutions that decided to take these biologically engineered beings and allow them to live and grow up in a humane environment. The concept of Hailsham, a school for clones, is another instance of Ishigurds attempt to speculate the definition of humanity. The clones that were kept in labs did not get the chance to experience norma l human interactions, and were not given a chance to learn. Hailsham provided a rather large group of clones, including Kathy, to live with each other and interact on a daily basis like normal humans would. It is revealed towards the end of the novel that Hailshams identity is a social experiment established to prove the humanity of clones, as stated by journalist Rachel Carroll. The students were given the privilege to participate in the ormal rituals that adolescents take in the classrooms at schools to prove that they could interact and behave Just as any other human. Though the clones were removed from the less privileged factories, they were not completely treated as humans. They were merely part of an experiment to test whether they had any humanity in them at all. This experiment caused them to be secluded from society, with caused several childish school rumors to circulate amongst the children about the dangers outside the school borders. The children role-played real life situations uch as that of ordering coffee at a caf? © and were taught the geography of only their immediate location in England. They were cut off from the world and told only what they needed to know. One of their teachers, Miss Lucy, explained to her students one day that they would donate their organs and complete a euphemism used to explain death by donation before they even became middle aged. Therefore, their experience and education was limited because they would never get the chance to explore the outside world. Another teacher Justified their experiment, claiming that if students were reared in humane, cultivated environments, it is possible to grow up to be as sensitive and intelligent as any other ordinary human being (Ishiguro p. 256). They were raised in an environment that was thought to promote or prove their humanity, but the keepers of Hailsham knew that the clones would meet the same fate regardless of their humanity or not. Ishiguro used the very human like setting at Hailsham to say that perhaps it is our environments and our response to those environments that ultimately defines out humanity. Yet in the case of these clones, hose reactions were redundant, because proved human or not, they would still dedicate their lives to preparing to donate their organs for the sake of others. Another important point to take into consideration was Art Gallery that played a major role in the lives of the students at Hailsham. The students were encouraged on a regular basis, and nearly forced, to create works of art, whether it be a painting, story, poem or sculpture. These pieces of art were gathered and the best art would be taken and placed in a special gallery, which the students never saw and knew very little of. Still, the students worked hard, hoping to get their work into the gallery which they knew practically nothing about. When Kathy meets with one of her teachers years after leaving Hailsham, the teacher tells her we took away your art because we thought it would reveal your souls. Or to put it more finely, we did it to humanity, which would be defining it by the creation of art. It is often said that our art bears our souls, that literature is the writers soul expressing itself with paper and pen. It could quite possibly be that our ability to express ourselves creatively allows s to confirm our souls and be determined as human. Kathy H. , raised in Hailsham with her friends Tommy and Ruth, is the most important source for determining the meaning of humanity in regards to Ishigurds novel. Kathy is 31 years old when the novel begins, and she looks back on her life at Hailsham as she understands it now. Because the novel was written in memoir form behind which the contours of the organ banking program are gradually revealed, Ishiguro provides a sound basis for rejecting the position that human clones lack dignity (Storrow). Kathys narration is a strong foundation for the slow reveal of the loning, because the gradual reveal of the truth was used as a method to convince readers that Kathy was human. If Ishiguro had never blatantly stated to the readers that Kathy was in fact a clone, it would have been impossible to call her anything but human. It could have been inferred, due to the clues hidden between the lines all throughout the novel, that something was peculiar about Kathy and her upbringing. Yet to question her humanity would be completely absurd, because her story was rather average. She made friends with fellow Hailsham students, Ruth and Tommy, ust as any other human student would befriend someone in school. She fell in love with Tommy, and eventually lost both Tommy and Ruth when they completed after several donations. Only when the truth of their origin does one begin to question her humanity as readers. Richard Storrow writes that by revealing the details of the organ donation program within the story of a human clone whose life has been define by love and loss and hope, the novel cautions that any move to classify them as lacking the essential elements of personhood will be dishonest (Storrow). Storrow uggests that it is our experiences with love and loss that ultimately define our humanity. This is plausible, because Kathy and her friends suffered death and loss just as any other human would. They argued, they reconciled, they experience the Joy of friendship, and had very normal relations with one another. Quite reasonably, Ishiguro and Storrow suggest that our experience serve as a reference to define our humanity. In conclusion, one must consider that only by the accidental remark and rumors do the characters themselves understand what they truly are. These characters were naware that they were perceived as illegitimate and false in the name of humanity. Even when they do discover what their lives have been laid out to be, they are hardly shocked by the fact, because to some extent they already knew that they were not average. Their seclusion from society deprived them of any sense of any other life they could have possibly lived. Though Ishigurds novel raises several possible answers to the larger question, there is no concrete description that defines humanity. Perhaps it is our origin or our expression and art that reveal ourselves and prove us human. It could even possibly be the nature of the responses we give as a result of our environment. Or perhaps, it is our instinct for survival. It is certain that clones, which will always fuel a heated debate. Legalization of cloning is limited to only a handful of states in America, because one argument will always refute another. Perhaps we have to define humanity for ourselves, not in the name of science, not in the name of public health, but for our own sake. Could we find the answer if we sat down and contemplated the thought, What is it that makes me, as an individual, human?

Author Interview #1 †Jane Davis

Author Interview #1 - Jane Davis Author Interview #1 - Jane Davis We’ve had the pleasure of interviewing some great freelancers from inside the industry. And while we’ve learned a great deal about the practicalities of writing, we were left wanting to hear from the other side of the creative process - the writer themselves.Well, good news everyone! We’re now going to be featuring interviews with some of the indie author scene’s established darlings and rising stars. We’ll be talking about how it feels to be at the vanguard of the movement, what they’ve learned getting here, and how they make it work.Our first interview is with Jane Davis, author of, among other things, ‘Half-truths and White Lies’ and  'An Unchoreographed Life.’REEDSY: I was just enjoying the extract you have on your site from An Unchoreographed LifeJANE DAVIS: Thank you. While I shy away from the label ‘Women’s Fiction’ I think of that novel as the most ‘Women’s Fiction’ thing I ’ve written. Although, having said that, one of the last reviews I had was from a single father saying much how he related to it, and that was very interesting.REEDSY: I’ve never really ‘got’ the whole idea of there being a label ‘Women’s Fiction’ - it seems to not say much about the work it describes.JD: Sometimes fiction gets pigeonholed with inappropriate labels. That was my problem with ‘Half-truths and White Lies’. I was pigeonholed as an author of Women’s Fiction, and I’ve massively shyed away from that since. But maybe I’ve come full-circle. Prostitution was an issue I wanted to address at the time when changes in the law were proposed, but since it’s such a sensitive issue, I chose to address it from the point of view of a mother/daughter relationship.REEDSY: So how do you describe your writing?JD: Well, it’s been called literary, but I’m slightly embarrassed by that. I thi nk it has this connotation of being highbrow and inaccessible. For me, my fiction is all about the characters. I put them in these terrible scenarios and feed them to the lions. I try to write sympathetic characters but then I make terrible things happen to them!So I suppose I write contemporary-stroke-literary. I put the label, ‘historical’ on ‘I Stopped Time,’ my homage to the pioneers of photography and it’s consistently been my best-seller. I think that’s because historical fiction is a label people relate to more than ‘literary’ or ‘contemporary’. They know where ‘historical’ sits. ‘I Stopped Time’ is actually a time-lapse novel, which goes between the present day and the lifetime of a woman who lived to the age of 108. But with the ‘historical’ label, people have an expectation of what they’re going to get - whereas ‘literary’ can be quite off-putting. S ome people I interview describe their work as ‘general fiction’ - I don’t have a feel for what that means either.REEDSY: It’s a sort of negative definition - telling you basically nothing†¦JD: I think the fact that my fiction is cross-genre - that I think of myself as a brand - is a large part of why being an indie author suits me. Random House didn’t take my follow-up to ‘Half-Truths and White Lies,’ because it wasn’t ‘Women’s Fiction’ and they had published me under their Black Swan imprint, which is exclusively for Women’s Fiction. I simply wasn’t aware of the implications. But at that point I wasn’t thinking long term. I had won a competition and was happy to be published, however that came about.I saw Adele Parks speak at the London Author Fair. She told us that when she was first published, she was given the choice of marketing her fiction as commercial or literary, and when she asked what the difference was, she was told, â€Å"Well, literary sells 7,000 copies and commercial sells 70,000 copies.† I’d not heard it in terms as blunt as that before, but I don’t think those figures were unusual in those days. Of course, post-2008, book sales have taken a nose-dive.REEDSY: Can literary fiction work without the support of a publisher? One argument against self-publishing goes that it can only sustain work that meets certain standards of viability in terms of sales. How do you find it?JD: I’ve only been doing this for two years, but my sales figures have only really pushed upwards with cross-selling. When people buy one of my books they do seem to come back and buy all of them. I’m not selling in big numbers by any means. I’m willing to give books away in order to hook readers†¦As for traditionally published authors, I’ve spoken to a few who are thinking of going indie when their deals come up for renewal. M ost are under two book contracts and they hear rumours that those contracts won’t be renewed under the same terms, and there’s also a great deal of dissatisfaction from the authors themselves about the lack of marketing support offered by publishers. Advances are also considerably lower. When I was at the London Book Fair this year, I was hearing about figures of  £5000 for one book or  £8000 for two books. Take from that the cost of marketing and there’s not a lot left in the pot.However, the authors I have met on the speaking circuit still firmly believe that bookshops are their realm. Are you familiar with the ALLi’s ‘Open up to Indies’ campaign?’ I’ve been going out and talking in bookshops and libraries, sometimes pairing up with traditionally published authors, because bringing a crowd puller obviously helps to opens doors. The estimates are that 70% of books will be self-published by 2020. It’s very difficult t o think that bookshops will only want to offer 30% of what’s available. And it’s quite clear that the 70% is going to include books by some of the authors bookshops and libraries currently stock. A stance against stocking self-published fiction is plainly unrealistic, but authors need to put themselves in the places of booksellers and librarians. Quality control is an issue that concerns them.REEDSY: I feel like the myth of the uniformly low quality of indie books is starting to die out†¦ slowly, but it’s fading.JD: I hope so. I use accreditation services that give a clear indication that my books have passed rigorous assessment. And the rise of small presses of course is continuing . Their publications are performing very well in competitions, very well. I went to a book launch this week for an author who has just been snapped up by a small publisher, Burning Eye Books. They publish mainly poetry. In fact, this is their first fiction title. Alice Furse sel f-published in January and they approached her. I think she’ll do very well out of it because they only have one fiction author to promote right now, and having that concentration of force behind you is fantastic. It’s the kind of support you might expect from an agent but wouldn’t normally get from a publisher.Author collectives are also enjoying a great deal of success. Having a name and collective power helps. I didn’t have enough forethought to do any of those things! I went ahead and published under my own name - I think I’d do things slightly differently now.REEDSY: What would you do differently?JD: More preparation. It’s too easy to publish. Don’t push the button unless you’re absolutely certain that the work is as good as it can possibly be. The problem is you’re too close to the book to judge that yourself - even though I used a copy editor and several proofreaders, my first self-published book went out with 13 typos in it. It’s easy to update it if you’ve got the control of the manuscript, but actually I was quite embarrassed that there was a first edition out there†¦ The money I spent on printing books that I then ditched would have been better spent on a further proofread. Because of course you can’t just hire one copy editor and one proofreader. The process needs multiple pairs of eyes.I think that rather than use the free ISBNs offered by self-publishing services, having ISBNs registered under your own name - so that you are shown as the publisher of your own work - helps. When you go to a bookshop there isn’t the ‘Amazon prejudice.’ I don’t put an awful lot of energy into getting my books onto shelves, because it’s very hard for me to break even on the percentages I’m offered, and the sale or return model doesn’t work for most indie authors. Then there’s the question of staying stocked. Even when I was t raditionally published, bookstores didn’t stock my title automatically. I had to go into branches week after week saying â€Å"Right, you’ve sold the copies you had on the shelves, can you order more?† It’s very time-consuming. A couple of indie shops stock my book, and they are amazingly supportive. When I’ve done talks at Waterstones they’ve been happy to stock my books on the night, but they wouldn’t ordinarily because I publish via Createspace. As a result of being in the Smashwords Premium Catalogue, my paperbacks are now available online with WH Smiths and Blackwells now, which was a surprise, so maybe the tide is turning. In the future I’ll think about buying my own ISBN and register it under my own name.Since joining ALLi I’ve become a lot more aware of these issues - all the little things which might hold you back.REEDSY: How much of your time now do you spend on writing vs managing the self-publishing element?J D: I’m quite active on social media. I had a lot of talks over the summer, which took time to set up. It’s not a case of going into a library and they’ll ask you to come along in the next month. Sometimes the impact of the ground work you’re doing comes one or two years down the line. I think, in all honesty, I spend more than 50% of my time on things like social media, sharing content, interviewing authors for my website†¦ Of all of those activities, interviewing authors has been the most helpful. Initially I approached everyone who appeared on the Guardian’s list of the top 30 indie books of 2013. There’s a very supportive community of indie authors out there. Interviews take up quite a lot of time, but I think they’re incredibly worthwhile. You don’t get immediate rewards, but an author you have interviewed might perhaps read and review your books, or offer a return interview†¦My third indie release was in November 2013. I had no publicity, so it was a very soft launch. April 2014 I released ‘An Unchoreographed Life’, and I was inundated with offers from people offering me guest blog posts, interviews, etc. The difference was that I had offered that facility to other authors. It’s very much a reciprocal thing. So marketing is not always direct marketing. It’s the soft-sell and building brand awareness. I’d say more than 50% of my time is spent on it - I wouldn’t want to say how much more than 50%!REEDSY: Would you think about outsourcing the marketing at some point?JD: Well, I have no budget. I recently relaunched my website and paid The Curved House to design it. I think it was money well-spent, even though it will knock out any profit I might have made next year. My original website had been built for one book, and I had tweaked it over time, but the look wasn’t cohesive. Now, it will be easier to add to, and I’m glad I’ve invest ed the money. But my budget is generally minimal. I often barter with people, offering to help out in exchange for return services.REEDSY: How about production?JD: I try to stick to a budget of  £1000 -  £1500. I think that’s a sensible level because only 5% of books sell more than 1000 copies. Interestingly, most authors I know aren’t making money from their sales, they make it from other services they offer.In terms of where I spend the money, my cover designs are really important to me. They are my brand. None of them have cost very much. I use a graphic designer. I come up with the design myself, and he executes it.  I also use a team of beta readers who have more or less replaced the need for a structural edit (something I used to pay for), and a copy editor and a proofreader. The typesetting and e-book conversion I do myself. In addition to writing my own stuff, I also do work for other authors as part of bartering process.REEDSY: Are there services you see authors being tempted to neglect?JD: It’s not always a question of ‘neglecting’ services. You have to look at the reasons behind choices. I know some authors who are very against using a copyeditor, not because they’re ‘unprofessional,’ but because they’re very anti-censorship and see using a copyeditor as a form of that. However, if your reason for not using a copy editor or a proofreader is lack of funds - I would say think again. Save the money and invest or decide what skills you have that you can offer someone else.When you’re starting out it’s tremendously hard but I’ve had massive support, even before I was a member of ALLi. Not necessarily from my writer’s group. You’re not a novelty there, everyone’s got a book they want readers for - but the Keep Fit group I’ve been going to for 25 years. I’ve found some fantastic beta readers and proofreaders there. The thing is not to be afraid to ask for help. There’s a great TED lecture by Amanda Palmer about the power of asking, and people want to be involved in a project, especially one where they can use skills that they don’t get the chance to use at work. My beta readers work for no more than a mention in the back of the book, maybe a coffee and a cake to talk about how the book made them feel. It’s not all about spending money. It’s about investing your budget in the right places and collaborating with a team you respect. It’s a mistake to think ‘expensive’ means ‘quality.’ Some of the services I have been happiest with have cost me nothing at all.REEDSY: Thank you for your time Jane

Toward Stronger Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Toward Stronger Marketing - Essay Example After the dismal initial performance of the brew, Lang was invited to lead the Nespresso team. Lang was highly motivated and creative in its approach and favored aggressive marketing techniques. He believed that the core business strategy of any business heavily relies on new products and innovative market strategy that facilitates in creating a niche market for their products and services. He used various marketing metrics to explore and exploit new markets. The marketing initiatives for Nespresso can be broadly described as follows. The compulsions of the rapidly transforming societal paradigms and technological advancements are important factors that require more comprehensive and innovative approach to market strategy. Strategic marketing plans are a crucial part of promoting products and services of an organization and establish market credibility. An effective market strategy promotes the use of SWOT (strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats) analysis on a periodic basis. The awareness of strengths and weaknesses in the company’s resources would help to act timely and efficiently so that opportunities and threats can be effectively met to provide a competitive edge to their rivals. Consumer psychology and analysis of a database of customers are an important part of a market strategy which helps one to know the changing preferences of the customers in the rapidly changing times. Analysis and identification of the changing trends of the customer requirements are important ingredients to gain leverage against their rivals. The market strategy should be totally focused on the needs and requirements of the people and make continuous efforts to update its products line with that of the changing public demands. Understanding of consumer psychology, therefore, plays a vital role in the development of marketing strategy and planning.

Marketing, target market report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing, target market report - Essay Example The segmentation theory is a part of economics that relates to the yield curve of a finance sector. In other words, they cannot replace each other in any form. This creates a specific amount of investors for both the long and short tem markets. The result of this affects the interest rates in a market. The long and short term supply is both adversely affected (Mishkin & Eakins). Thus, each of these markets is functioned and is determined at an independent level. Another aspect of this is the reliability it places on short term investments. Each investor has a fixed maturity preference. Because of the investors' preference over the liquidity of their stock, they prefer to choose the short-term investments that determine them. This creates a greater demand for short term investments in the market. The geographic segmentation of an item is essential in the market. Not only does it determine the identical trends within a group of international markets but it also identifies the factors the influence their buying trends. The Xbox 360 is an object that created a great deal of excitement and fervor in Australia. With a website of its own, it was the ideal location for sale amongst the varied age groups in this country. This is evident in the company opening up a website created specially for this continent (Xbox.com). This website is dedicated solely to the markets in Australia. It controls and harnesses the consumers who are interested in buying the product within this region. This country is still part of the British Commonwealth which induces many of its facets and tastes to run according to the British market. It is for this reason that the Xbox 360 owners considered it an essential market in their grid. With a high economy, literate population and number of buyers, Australia was the perfect geographical segment for this product to launch itself. Demographic Traits According to the demographic segmentation, the division of the population is vital for catering to a specific market of consumers. Australia commands an exact population of 21,895,808 people according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics. This is a huge audience for the Xbox 360 to cater to which makes it evident why the brand has moved here. Also, the age structure of this population has made it vital for this gaming console to enter this market. With a population of around 70% of individuals falling under the age bracket of fifteen to sixty, this Xbox played a winning move by moving into this crucial market (Year Book Australia). This gaming console is perfect for individuals who fall under the age of those apt at buying and using this product. The Xbox 360 is a game that is a chosen preference for the male population. With an equal division of males and females in Australia it is profitable for the console to enter this market. The economy of Australia is also sufficient enough for its individuals to afford to buy this product. This makes it the perfect demographic market for the Xbox 360. Psychographic Traits The psychographic traits of Australia assist

That Old House! :: Descriptive Essay Examples, narrative, observation

That Old House! Â   Just last summer my parents bought a house. It is a nice place with hard wood floors and nice woodwork, but then there is my room in then basement. Â   The first time I saw my room I almost cried. I hated it. I wasn't given a choice whether I liked it or not. My parents didn't seem to see how I felt and there was nothing I felt I could do about it. The floor was covered with leaves and other debris. The left wall was not yet finished. The studs and yellow insulation were still exposed. The front wall was half rotten with water damage and the rest of the adjoining walls were littered with holes. The windows were coated with a layer of dust, cobwebs, and bugs, some dead, some alive. The door was yet to be hung on its hinges and two large holes are in the ceiling that have yet to be fixed. Â   As any one can see I had complete provocation to feel the way I did. I ether had to except it as my room or move out, which I was not financially stable to do at the time. I felt stuck and pissed off that I was put into that kind of position. I had wondered why my parents would want to do this to me, did they know how I felt,sure didn't seem like it. Â   At the time this all happened I did my best to ignore it all. I went running to the comfort of my girlfriend. Anything could have gone wrong but as long as she was there felt that I was happy. I slept at her apartment so I was able to avoid my room completely but a few weeks later things became rough between us and we broke up. She was the only thing that kept my worries at bay. She was my one source of comfort and she was gone for good. I was now left with a life that resembled my room, torn apart and crappy. Â   My life had seemed like it couldn't get any worse. I had spent the next few days sulking and feeling sorry for my self, not caring about anything at all. Soon I started to realize that sitting around sulking was only going to make things worse.

Why Pursue a Master’s in Business Administration?

Pursuing a MBA will be able to prepare you for a lifetime of management responsibilities in a business. People choose to pursue a Masters of Business Administration (MBA) for a variety of reasons. Whether it is for an instant change in career path, future job development, justify a position/promotion, or to begin one’s personal business, pursing an MBA will provide someone with many rewards in a career and can expand their knowledge of controlling an industry and provide chances for employment, recognition, sponsorship and income increase. I decided to pursue an MBA to develop my business knowledge and enlarge my career options. I am a waitress in a full service restaurant and have been in the hospitality industry for about eight years. I am interested in furthering my career and exploring other options that has the potential to offer more financial benefits. I am not satisfied with just having a bachelor’s degree because over the years it has become equivalent to a high school diploma and that will not set me apart from my competitors. According to the gmatmbahelp website, having an MBA, which is recognized almost universally, will increase your ability to compete for jobs in more locations. One of the main reasons why people decide to pursue an MBA is because it frequently allows graduates to make a better salary. The common starting salary for MBA graduates is based on the number of years of work they have before starting their degree. However, it has been reported that some with less than three years of trade experience start out earning close to $70,000. This number rises severely as graduates build up additional practice in their fields. Having an MBA offers more financial possibilities than only having a Bachelors degree. At this time in my life I am uncertain of the career path I would like to take. I have little work experience and I am not sure of the industry I would like to pursue. But while I am seeking opportunities and different industries I think it is worth my while to gain a higher education. According to the Jungian 16/type personality test I am observant, cool and highly pragmatic person. The test scores states that I am a rational thinker with semi-procrastinations and the best time of day that I am productive is in the evening. I am motivated to manage, trustworthy, relaxed and handles conflict very well. So I plan to pursue an industry with those attributes so that I am effective and every area of my career. I am very excited to pursue my MBA and hope that it will give me a great advantage and opportunity over others. With the time being spent in seeking my future I can receive my MBA and became a step above those with just a bachelor’s degree. An MBA is a marketable and multipurpose degree. Those who only have an bachelors keep themselves at a stable place and it is often hard to advance in their career path. They also make it hard to market themselves in other industries when a change is wanted or needed. Even if an MBA graduate has to start out in a place that is fairly less on the company ranking than they would like, there are remarkable opportunities for development with the degree. Those who only own a bachelor's degree may find they can only go so far in the corporate world, even if their skills and employment conduct are past reproach. With an MBA, the opportunities are practically endless, and graduate students can even assume the role of head economic officer with good job performance. Pursuing a MBA will also assist me with developing the understanding and meaning of decision-making skills including communication, promotion, tactical preparation, financing, and management abilities. While there are many other company programs existing by universities, the MBA degree is rivaled for its capability to increase excellent common business skills in students. Students find the MBA degree a smart option because they can go after a wide range of positions, aggressive salaries, and almost limitless opportunities for improvement. These are just a few of the rewards that having an MBA degree can provide. Having an MBA can help increase my knowledge and awareness of the importance of human resources in a company from retention, hiring and firing, employee benefits, compensation, payroll, business ethics and etc†¦It can also help those who have an entrepreneur mind set to further their know-how as to getting started on their business adventure. I am very excited to pursue my MBA and hope that it will give me a great advantage and opportunity over others. I am a strong, rational and dominant person and I hope to become a great manager and leading example in my industry. And I want to reach my full potential with my education as I possibly can.

The different elements of a contract - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1221 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Case study Level High school Did you like this example? Mission Statement: Our mission is to take a genuine interest in our clients, understand their objectives, and meet or exceed their expectations. Keyz Law Firm is a business consulting firm within Jamaica. This firm was founded by Tauna-Shay Palmer and Jon-Ross Kelly in 1997. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The different elements of a contract" essay for you Create order This establishment is located in New Kingston. The location is very good for business because there are a lot of small business within that area. Keyz Law Firm is a firm which was developed to help small businesses with their problems and to help them to develop effective plans to meet their goals. This firm targets small businesses because research shows that they face more struggles in their day to day business operations than large businesses. Cake It Away Mission Statement: to provide a product of the greatest possiblevalue to our customers, thereby gaining and holding their respect and loyalty while achieving sufficient profit to finance our company and its growth. Cake It Away is a well-established cake shop that is located in Half-Way-Tree downstairs the Transport Centre. This business is a sole proprietorship owned by Andrew Tai and has been operating for six (6) years. A wide variety of specialty cakes are offered at premium prices. Cake It Away specializes in visua lly creative and attractive cakes. An option for custom made cakes is also available as well as delivery services as a means of giving consumers exactly what they want. This business targets events such as birthday parties, weddings and bachelorette parties. Service is available 24 hours each day. However, the owner of Cake It Away has limited business law knowledge and is not sure of the different steps he can take when he is faced with different contractual situations/ Objectives To explain the importance of the elements required for the formation of a valid contract. To discuss the impact of different types of contracts. To evaluate the effect of different terms in given contracts To apply the elements of the tort of negligence and defenses in different business situations. Literature Review According to Koffman, Macdonald (2010), a contract is a legally enforceable agreement giving rise to obligations for the parties involved. The laws contract determines which agreements are enforceable and regulates those agreements, providing remedies if contractual obligations (undertakings or promises) are broken. In line with Small Business Development Corporation (2013), there are four (4) essential elements of a contract. They are: Offer- there must be a definite, clearly stated offer to do something. Acceptance- only what is offered can be accepted. This means that the offer must be accepted exactly as offered without conditions. If any new terms are suggested this is regarded as a counter offer which may be accepted or rejected. Acceptance can be given verbally, in writing, or inferred by action which clearly indicates acceptance. Consideration- in order for a contract to be binding, it must be supported by valuable consideration. That is to say, one party, promises to do something in return for a promise from the other party to provide a benefit of value (the consideration). Consideration is what each party gives to the other party as the agreed price for the otherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s promises. Intention to create legal relations- a contract requires that the parties intend to enter into a legally binding agreement. That is, the parties entering into the contract must intend to create legal relations and must understand that the agreement can be enforced by law. If the parties to a contract decide not to be legally bound this must be clearly stated in the contract for it not to be legally enforceable. In keeping with Wiilliam Markham (2002), the importance of having a contract is to make the agreements between the parties enforceable, which usually means that it allows one party to a contract to obtain monetary damages from the other party upon showing that the latter stands in breach. There are several types of contracts but however only 4 types will be explained. They are Express Contracts, Implied Contracts, Executed Contracts, and Executory Contracts. According to Farlex (2014) In an express contract, the parties state the terms, either orally or in writing, at the time of its formation. There is a definite written or oral offer that is accepted by the offeree (i.e., the person to whom the offer is made) in a manner that explicitly demonstrates consent to its terms. In keeping with Law Exams (2005) An implied contract can either be implied in fact or implied in law . A contract which is implied in fact is one in which the circumstances imply that parties have reached an a greement even though they have not done so expressly. For example, by going to a doctor for a physical, a patient agrees that he will pay a fair price for the service. If he refuses to pay after being examined, he has breached a contract implied in fact. Goldman and Sigismond (2013) an Executory contract is one that is not fully performed by one or all of the parties while an Executed contract refers to a contract in which all the parties have completely carried out their parts of the contract. Contracts may be brought to an end: Your approval then go to contact your friends  and receive financial struggles. Everyone has made it typically a traditional job in business cash  law you clearly understand this. (a) By performance of the parties i.e. each party completing his obligations as stipulated by the contract. (b) By frustration i.e. an event through no fault of the parties that make one party unable to perform the contract. For example: if one party suffers a prolonged illness which makes him unable to perform the contract. (c) By lapse of time i.e. if the time limit set for the contract to be executed by both parties has been passed. For example, sellers of real estate usually require that the buyers pay the full balance on the property within a certain time period after the initial down payment has been made. (d) By the mutual agreement of all parties. (e)If one of the parties become bankrupt after the contract has been signed. (f) By changes in law i.e. where a legal contract is rendered illegal through changes in law. (g) By notice e.g. some firms require that employees give at least one month notice when resigning their positions. (h) If one party dies. (i) By breach of contract-When one party defaults on his part of the agreement i.e. he does not perform his part of the contract. Methodology In gathering information for this research only secondary sources were used. The secondary sources used were books and severa l websites. The researcher found the information found on the internet more useful because different situations were shared in which the different contracts are to be used and the different damages than can be claimed for in the event of a breach. References Koffman, Macdonald , L.K, E.M, 2010. The Law of Contract. 5th ed. New York: Oxford University Press. Small Business Corporations. 2013. Four Essential Elements of a Contract. William Markham. 2002. The Extraordinary Importance of Contract Law. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.markhamlawfirm.com/law-articles/contract-lawyer-san-diego/ The Free Dictionary by Farlex. 2014. Types of Contracts. [ONLINE] Available at: https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Types+of+Contracts. LawExams.com. 2012. Express and Implied Contracts. [ONLINE] Available at: https://lawexamm3es.com/implied-contracts.