That Old House! :: Descriptive Essay Examples, narrative, observation

That Old House! Â   Just last summer my parents bought a house. It is a nice place with hard wood floors and nice woodwork, but then there is my room in then basement. Â   The first time I saw my room I almost cried. I hated it. I wasn't given a choice whether I liked it or not. My parents didn't seem to see how I felt and there was nothing I felt I could do about it. The floor was covered with leaves and other debris. The left wall was not yet finished. The studs and yellow insulation were still exposed. The front wall was half rotten with water damage and the rest of the adjoining walls were littered with holes. The windows were coated with a layer of dust, cobwebs, and bugs, some dead, some alive. The door was yet to be hung on its hinges and two large holes are in the ceiling that have yet to be fixed. Â   As any one can see I had complete provocation to feel the way I did. I ether had to except it as my room or move out, which I was not financially stable to do at the time. I felt stuck and pissed off that I was put into that kind of position. I had wondered why my parents would want to do this to me, did they know how I felt,sure didn't seem like it. Â   At the time this all happened I did my best to ignore it all. I went running to the comfort of my girlfriend. Anything could have gone wrong but as long as she was there felt that I was happy. I slept at her apartment so I was able to avoid my room completely but a few weeks later things became rough between us and we broke up. She was the only thing that kept my worries at bay. She was my one source of comfort and she was gone for good. I was now left with a life that resembled my room, torn apart and crappy. Â   My life had seemed like it couldn't get any worse. I had spent the next few days sulking and feeling sorry for my self, not caring about anything at all. Soon I started to realize that sitting around sulking was only going to make things worse.

Why Pursue a Master’s in Business Administration?

Pursuing a MBA will be able to prepare you for a lifetime of management responsibilities in a business. People choose to pursue a Masters of Business Administration (MBA) for a variety of reasons. Whether it is for an instant change in career path, future job development, justify a position/promotion, or to begin one’s personal business, pursing an MBA will provide someone with many rewards in a career and can expand their knowledge of controlling an industry and provide chances for employment, recognition, sponsorship and income increase. I decided to pursue an MBA to develop my business knowledge and enlarge my career options. I am a waitress in a full service restaurant and have been in the hospitality industry for about eight years. I am interested in furthering my career and exploring other options that has the potential to offer more financial benefits. I am not satisfied with just having a bachelor’s degree because over the years it has become equivalent to a high school diploma and that will not set me apart from my competitors. According to the gmatmbahelp website, having an MBA, which is recognized almost universally, will increase your ability to compete for jobs in more locations. One of the main reasons why people decide to pursue an MBA is because it frequently allows graduates to make a better salary. The common starting salary for MBA graduates is based on the number of years of work they have before starting their degree. However, it has been reported that some with less than three years of trade experience start out earning close to $70,000. This number rises severely as graduates build up additional practice in their fields. Having an MBA offers more financial possibilities than only having a Bachelors degree. At this time in my life I am uncertain of the career path I would like to take. I have little work experience and I am not sure of the industry I would like to pursue. But while I am seeking opportunities and different industries I think it is worth my while to gain a higher education. According to the Jungian 16/type personality test I am observant, cool and highly pragmatic person. The test scores states that I am a rational thinker with semi-procrastinations and the best time of day that I am productive is in the evening. I am motivated to manage, trustworthy, relaxed and handles conflict very well. So I plan to pursue an industry with those attributes so that I am effective and every area of my career. I am very excited to pursue my MBA and hope that it will give me a great advantage and opportunity over others. With the time being spent in seeking my future I can receive my MBA and became a step above those with just a bachelor’s degree. An MBA is a marketable and multipurpose degree. Those who only have an bachelors keep themselves at a stable place and it is often hard to advance in their career path. They also make it hard to market themselves in other industries when a change is wanted or needed. Even if an MBA graduate has to start out in a place that is fairly less on the company ranking than they would like, there are remarkable opportunities for development with the degree. Those who only own a bachelor's degree may find they can only go so far in the corporate world, even if their skills and employment conduct are past reproach. With an MBA, the opportunities are practically endless, and graduate students can even assume the role of head economic officer with good job performance. Pursuing a MBA will also assist me with developing the understanding and meaning of decision-making skills including communication, promotion, tactical preparation, financing, and management abilities. While there are many other company programs existing by universities, the MBA degree is rivaled for its capability to increase excellent common business skills in students. Students find the MBA degree a smart option because they can go after a wide range of positions, aggressive salaries, and almost limitless opportunities for improvement. These are just a few of the rewards that having an MBA degree can provide. Having an MBA can help increase my knowledge and awareness of the importance of human resources in a company from retention, hiring and firing, employee benefits, compensation, payroll, business ethics and etc†¦It can also help those who have an entrepreneur mind set to further their know-how as to getting started on their business adventure. I am very excited to pursue my MBA and hope that it will give me a great advantage and opportunity over others. I am a strong, rational and dominant person and I hope to become a great manager and leading example in my industry. And I want to reach my full potential with my education as I possibly can.

The different elements of a contract - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1221 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Case study Level High school Did you like this example? Mission Statement: Our mission is to take a genuine interest in our clients, understand their objectives, and meet or exceed their expectations. Keyz Law Firm is a business consulting firm within Jamaica. This firm was founded by Tauna-Shay Palmer and Jon-Ross Kelly in 1997. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The different elements of a contract" essay for you Create order This establishment is located in New Kingston. The location is very good for business because there are a lot of small business within that area. Keyz Law Firm is a firm which was developed to help small businesses with their problems and to help them to develop effective plans to meet their goals. This firm targets small businesses because research shows that they face more struggles in their day to day business operations than large businesses. Cake It Away Mission Statement: to provide a product of the greatest possiblevalue to our customers, thereby gaining and holding their respect and loyalty while achieving sufficient profit to finance our company and its growth. Cake It Away is a well-established cake shop that is located in Half-Way-Tree downstairs the Transport Centre. This business is a sole proprietorship owned by Andrew Tai and has been operating for six (6) years. A wide variety of specialty cakes are offered at premium prices. Cake It Away specializes in visua lly creative and attractive cakes. An option for custom made cakes is also available as well as delivery services as a means of giving consumers exactly what they want. This business targets events such as birthday parties, weddings and bachelorette parties. Service is available 24 hours each day. However, the owner of Cake It Away has limited business law knowledge and is not sure of the different steps he can take when he is faced with different contractual situations/ Objectives To explain the importance of the elements required for the formation of a valid contract. To discuss the impact of different types of contracts. To evaluate the effect of different terms in given contracts To apply the elements of the tort of negligence and defenses in different business situations. Literature Review According to Koffman, Macdonald (2010), a contract is a legally enforceable agreement giving rise to obligations for the parties involved. The laws contract determines which agreements are enforceable and regulates those agreements, providing remedies if contractual obligations (undertakings or promises) are broken. In line with Small Business Development Corporation (2013), there are four (4) essential elements of a contract. They are: Offer- there must be a definite, clearly stated offer to do something. Acceptance- only what is offered can be accepted. This means that the offer must be accepted exactly as offered without conditions. If any new terms are suggested this is regarded as a counter offer which may be accepted or rejected. Acceptance can be given verbally, in writing, or inferred by action which clearly indicates acceptance. Consideration- in order for a contract to be binding, it must be supported by valuable consideration. That is to say, one party, promises to do something in return for a promise from the other party to provide a benefit of value (the consideration). Consideration is what each party gives to the other party as the agreed price for the otherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s promises. Intention to create legal relations- a contract requires that the parties intend to enter into a legally binding agreement. That is, the parties entering into the contract must intend to create legal relations and must understand that the agreement can be enforced by law. If the parties to a contract decide not to be legally bound this must be clearly stated in the contract for it not to be legally enforceable. In keeping with Wiilliam Markham (2002), the importance of having a contract is to make the agreements between the parties enforceable, which usually means that it allows one party to a contract to obtain monetary damages from the other party upon showing that the latter stands in breach. There are several types of contracts but however only 4 types will be explained. They are Express Contracts, Implied Contracts, Executed Contracts, and Executory Contracts. According to Farlex (2014) In an express contract, the parties state the terms, either orally or in writing, at the time of its formation. There is a definite written or oral offer that is accepted by the offeree (i.e., the person to whom the offer is made) in a manner that explicitly demonstrates consent to its terms. In keeping with Law Exams (2005) An implied contract can either be implied in fact or implied in law . A contract which is implied in fact is one in which the circumstances imply that parties have reached an a greement even though they have not done so expressly. For example, by going to a doctor for a physical, a patient agrees that he will pay a fair price for the service. If he refuses to pay after being examined, he has breached a contract implied in fact. Goldman and Sigismond (2013) an Executory contract is one that is not fully performed by one or all of the parties while an Executed contract refers to a contract in which all the parties have completely carried out their parts of the contract. Contracts may be brought to an end: Your approval then go to contact your friends  and receive financial struggles. Everyone has made it typically a traditional job in business cash  law you clearly understand this. (a) By performance of the parties i.e. each party completing his obligations as stipulated by the contract. (b) By frustration i.e. an event through no fault of the parties that make one party unable to perform the contract. For example: if one party suffers a prolonged illness which makes him unable to perform the contract. (c) By lapse of time i.e. if the time limit set for the contract to be executed by both parties has been passed. For example, sellers of real estate usually require that the buyers pay the full balance on the property within a certain time period after the initial down payment has been made. (d) By the mutual agreement of all parties. (e)If one of the parties become bankrupt after the contract has been signed. (f) By changes in law i.e. where a legal contract is rendered illegal through changes in law. (g) By notice e.g. some firms require that employees give at least one month notice when resigning their positions. (h) If one party dies. (i) By breach of contract-When one party defaults on his part of the agreement i.e. he does not perform his part of the contract. Methodology In gathering information for this research only secondary sources were used. The secondary sources used were books and severa l websites. The researcher found the information found on the internet more useful because different situations were shared in which the different contracts are to be used and the different damages than can be claimed for in the event of a breach. References Koffman, Macdonald , L.K, E.M, 2010. The Law of Contract. 5th ed. New York: Oxford University Press. Small Business Corporations. 2013. Four Essential Elements of a Contract. William Markham. 2002. The Extraordinary Importance of Contract Law. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.markhamlawfirm.com/law-articles/contract-lawyer-san-diego/ The Free Dictionary by Farlex. 2014. Types of Contracts. [ONLINE] Available at: https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Types+of+Contracts. LawExams.com. 2012. Express and Implied Contracts. [ONLINE] Available at: https://lawexamm3es.com/implied-contracts.

William Shakespeare s Hamlet The Mystery Of Death Or...

The idea of madness in Shakespeare’s Hamlet is just as important of a theme as the mystery of death or the impossibility of certainty. Shakespeare uses the aspect of madness to delve into the issues of knowledge, and lack thereof. There are three apt examples which help explain on a deeper level how the issues of knowledge are represented in the madness of Hamlet, and also Ophelia. Firstly, Hamlet and the vast amount of knowledge he acquires, becomes uncertain and contradictory which inevitably leads him to lose his mind. There is also the possibility that his ‘antic disposition’ aided this downfall into delusion. Secondly, Ophelia, her lack of independence, and the circumstances that follow after she discovers that it is the love of her life who kills her father. And lastly, Shakespeare’s emphasis on surveillance cannot be ignored. Particularly with Hamlet, and the way attains information through eavesdropping leads to incorrect information and devastating results. Overall I think Shakespeare is clever in the way he uses madness as a medium to portray knowledge. It is commonly assumed that madness correlates with unintelligence because of the person in question being unable to portray their thoughts in a logical manner. It is refreshing to see a different perspective on the capability of madness. The first issue of knowledge is introduced in scene 1, act 5 when Hamlet speaks to the ghost who he believes to be his late father. He learns that it was his UncleShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Hamlet By William Shakespeare Essay822 Words   |  4 Pages1604, William Shakespeare finished one of the most famous plays of revenge in English history. This play has left a plethora of questions, most left unanswered even after the hundreds of scholars who have analyzed it. The complexity and multiple facades of the characters, the use of many themes, and the symbols in this play have been construed into a delicate tale; Shakespeare purposely left out many details in order to shroud this piece in mystery. In The Tragedy of Hamlet, Shakespeare s vagueRead MorePerfect Idealism In Shakespeares Hamlet1631 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The play Hamlet is a fable of how the ghost of a slain king comes to haunt the living with disastrous consequences. A rancorous ghost and a brother s murder, lead the gloomy setting of Hamlet s Denmark. Hamlet story opens with an encounter between young Hamlet, his dad s ghost as well as the prince of Denmark. The ghost reveals to Hamlet that its murderer was his brother Claudius, who then rapidly wedded his widowed queen, Gertrude. As a result, the ghost presses Hamlet to seek vengeanceRead MoreThemes Of Hamlet Essay1782 Words   |  8 Pagesghost to his son, narrating him the circumstances of his death, and that his anticipation from his son to take revenge from Claudius for his death. KEYWORDS : fundamental , King Hamlet’s ghost , circumstances. THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF CERTAINTY What separates Hamlet from other revenge plays (and may be from every play written before it)is that the action we expect to see, particularly from Hamlet himself, is continually postponed while Hamlet tries to obtain more certain knowledge about what he isRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet Essay3604 Words   |  15 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet Hamlet was written around the year 1600 in the final years of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, who had been the monarch of England for more than forty years and was then in her late sixties. The prospect of Elizabeth’s death and the question of who would succeedRead Moreshakespeare influences16068 Words   |  65 Pagesï » ¿ RESEARCH TOPIC An Analytic Review Of Shakespearean Influence On Faulkner s Tragedy RESEARCH QUESTION How Shakespeare tragic patterns influenced on William Faulkner s writings? NAME: SYEDA AMBREEN FATIMA FATHER’S NAME: SYED HASAN AKHTER SEAT NO: 1315793 ENROLMENT NO: 2013/ENG/M.A(LIT)/15681 DATE OF SUBMISSION: 28TH NOV 2013 SUBMITTED TO: MISS SAMREENRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmanaging, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from the

An Analysis Of Head Off Split By Nikky Finney And Butch...

In Head Off Split by Nikky Finney and Butch Geography by Stacey Waite, the reader picks up on many women and gender issues that are portrayed through the text. Stacey Waite used her poetry skills to connect with the reader and allow the reader to feel as though they are the people in the poems. She uses strong language in her poems and uses much power as she reads them. Nikky Finney also uses her poetry skills to portray these gender issues throughout. Both readings display the issue of identity in a women’s life. Butch Geography uses poetry to show real life situations where the narrator runs into a problem finding her identity and who she really is. Head Off Split uses poetry indirectly describe life events that display a woman not†¦show more content†¦Stacey tries to explain to James that he would not like it if someone compared his name to the word stupid. He does not seem to care and describes to her than James is a real name, so it is a different situation. He is implying that gay people are not real and do not have real feelings. This greatly shows how he feels about women changing her identity and how it is not an accepted thing by everyone. The poems in Stacey Waites book show how she has struggled to get people to accept her identity change and show her the same respect as everyone else. In Head Off Split, Nikky Finney shows a women’s identity being downgraded in her poem Left. She describes a scene to the reader that seems rather unpleasant. As the reader reads this poem, they may even feel suspense. A specific example of identity is a woman in the poem who has made a sign asking for help. Her sign was missing the letter e on the word please which the reader probably thinks isn’t a big problem. As you continue reading, Finney writes that the woman did not receive help and asks the reader if it was because her sign was not spelled right. This shows that people may judge people just by looking at them. This woman was no t treated the same as everyone else because her sign was incorrect. Finney continues to write about the options related to why the woman was not saved. She says, â€Å"or was it because the water was rising so fast there wasn’t time† (Finney, 14). Finney is showing the reader that an

Spanking as a Way of Child Discipline Free Essays

Parents use discipline to teach their children the difference between right and wrong. The type of discipline parents use is entirely up to them but, â€Å"ninety percent of parents say that they have used [spanking] as a mean of discipline on their child, and most parents say that it was used on them when they were youngsters† (James). Spanking is a form of discipline that has been used by many parents; but it is now becoming the method that is being frowned upon by most doctors and many parents. We will write a custom essay sample on Spanking as a Way of Child Discipline or any similar topic only for you Order Now The American Academy of Pediatricians say that spanking might actually do more harm than good†(Eisenhauer), meaning that the spanking will not correct the problems that the child has, but only make them worse. In some countries around the globe, such as Norway and Sweden, elected officials have made it totally illegal for parents to spank their child. Since this happened Oakland, California has established an official â€Å"No Spanking Zone. † This proposes a question, is spanking a good form of discipline? From what the doctors say it certainly appears not to be and I think most parents tend to agree with them that spanking is not an acceptable form of discipline anymore. But according to the Critique of Anti-Spanking Study, found in Assertive Discipline, â€Å"experts do not all agree that spanking is harmful and some believe that mild spanking is a useful form of discipline† (Canter). Also the same study said â€Å"72% of people surveyed still find it acceptable to punish a child by spanking them† (Canter). These are very different conclusions than the one found by the other doctors and people asked above. Bringing the reader to the conclusion that all discipline is a form of opinion. Most opinions still lean toward spanking being a form of abuse and that spanking a child is totally unacceptable because striking a young child will not actually teach them to be good. Spanking also hurts children mentally and spanking a child is no different from hitting some one else. The majority of parents that hit their kids are at the point of frustration and anger where they feel that spanking is the last thing left for them to do. First, striking a child will not teach them to be good; it actually makes them change the way that they look at things. In fact Parents News says â€Å"spanking [children] may have some potentially long term effects such as increasing the misbehavior, aggression, violent or criminal behavior, impaired learning, depression, and in worst case suicide† (Kuttner 46). The items that are cited here are very alarming and they express the concern that spanking is more than just a punishment. As said before spanking â€Å"is the least effective way to discipline† a child for two reasons; both reasons teach the child nothing about the difference between right and wrong. The first fact is that spanking confuses the child. How can they tell what [the spanking] means† (James)? The reason that spanking confuses them is simply this; â€Å"parents are the example of the difference between right and wrong† (Edwards). Basically all spanking is doing is telling the child is that every time somebody does something wrong they should be smacked for the mistake they made. Secondly, spanking simply installs a sense of â€Å"fear and resentment† towards the parent. The only result that comes from making a child fear the parent is just reverse what is trying to be accomplished; discipline. On top of fearing the parent, the child will also lose respect for their parent and make the relationship between parent and child become very weak. â€Å"Discipline will not work if parents do not have a good relationship with their child† says Dr. Mark Wolraich (Canter). This quote just highlights how spanking a child will weaken the respect that is needed between child and parent. In turn, the child does not know that he/she did anything wrong because the child has no respect for the parent any more. These examples show how spanking does not teach the child to be good, but it changes the way that children approach things. Secondly, hitting a child also hurts them mentally. Children that are spanked not only lose respect for their parents but they also lose respect in themselves. They start to believe that they are bad kids and they may also think that their parents do not like them. But not only are these children troubled at home by being spanked, they are also troubled at school: â€Å"There is some evidence from a British study that [children] may be less able to learn because physical punishment reduces a child’s I. Q. † (Burnett). This is one good example of how spanking is the wrong type of discipline because it show how the learning process is effected. The only thing that spanking helps children learn is that it is acceptable for them to use violence as a cure for any problem. Parents do not even know that they are mentally injuring their child as shown here: â€Å"although most parents who spank have good intentions, they may actually cause harm by training their children to deal with conflict by using violence† (Kuttner 48). Mental health is really affected by spanking because the child is confused between the difference of what is right and what is wrong. Spanking kids can also lead to mental problems down the road too. The life stories of notorious individuals- Adolf Hitler amongst them- record excessive physical punishment during childhood† (Edwards). This represents that spanking may have good short-term effects, but down the road physical punishment will cause your child to have severe mental problems. The worst part about spanking children is that it actually does not teach them to be better people, in fact it will only make them more aggressive towards others. It is just as bad to spank a child because it causes them to want to use force to solve their own problems. Hitting a child is no different than hitting someone else. Parenting Magazine says â€Å"hitting a child doesn’t make teach them anything but to have a ‘might makes a right’ attitude towards others† (Kuttner 52). This means that using spanking as a disciplinary method only teaches them that hitting someone when they do something wrong is the right thing to do. Another magazine that deals with parenting issues basically says the same thing about physical punishment. â€Å"We do not say to our children (most of us, anyway), ‘Hitting is right’ or ‘Hitting is a good thing to do. We do not really believe that it is a good thing to hit people. Most of us are not ‘in favor’ of hitting children. However, many of us (most of us, actually) behave as if it is a good thing to do† says Murray Straus, a journalist for Parents. I think that the main problem is that parents are not informed well enough on the issue that spanking is so bad. The last quote shows that parents are totally unaware that they are even hurting their child because the parents â€Å"behave as if it is a good thing to do. Another thing that was brought to my attention was this: â€Å"studies of whole prisons populations all over the Western world show that criminals who used violence on their victims almost invariably had violence used against them when they were children† (Straus 131). I think that this also ties back to hitting being a way to solve problems, but in these circumstances the inmates used much more than just hitting. This also shows that when you hit a child it will effect them sometime in their life. Aggression is another thing that has been found to be effected by physical punishment. â€Å"Children have been found to be more aggressive when spanked for punishment than other children that have been disciplined by other means,† says Nancy Breen (Breen). Spanking is a type of discipline that brings out aggression in children and teaches child that it is acceptable for them to hit others. In turn, hitting a child is no different than hitting someone else. The main reason that parents still insist on using spanking as a form of discipline is because they see quick results. We felt the time outs and things weren’t working for him and so we found that just a little smack on the behind would get his attention enough to where you could discipline him†, said Andrea Fouriezos in an interview with Parenting Magazine. But this simply means that the parents are using spanking as a last resort type of punishment. This is really bad because they are using it out of frustration and when nothing else is working. I think Dr. Mark Wolraich said it best we he said, â€Å"we’re encouraging [parents] to look for other alternatives which have been shown to be effective† (Straus 128). If a doctor encourages other forms of discipline than one has to know that spanking is the wrong approach to disciplining your child. In conclusion to spanking your child, I feel it is a very bad approach when attempting to discipline your child. Not only does spanking effect them mentally it also does not teach them to be good. Plus, spanking teaches children that violence is the cure to every problem. So next time when your child does something wrong please consider an alternative method of discipline other than spanking them because it will only lead to more problems when the child gets older. How to cite Spanking as a Way of Child Discipline, Essay examples

Management Information System of Woolworths Supermarket in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Management Information System of Woolworths Supermarket in Australia. Answer: Introduction Themanagement information system or MIS is an effective system used by the business organisations to maintain a computerised database for storing financial data and information and produce financial reports based on the business operations and processes at variousmanagement levels. The organisation selected here as the case study is Woolworths supermarket in Australia, which is a grocery and supermarket chain located in Australia. Themanagement information system or MIS can help to gain the special financial reports from the database system easily and ensure that a stable financial condition of the organisation is maintained with the organising and management of financial assets properly (Flanagin et al., 2014). Problem description One of the major problematic situations related to the management information system is the entire dependence upon the computer science. Though the MIS within Woolworths has helped in managing the resources properly to ensure growth and envelopments of business, still it needs proper computer science support for doing so. The businesses are managed based on judgment, decisions and intuitions made by the leaders or managers of the organisation. They must need the data and computer science related information to make proper decisions, and this can often create cultural conflicts (Galegher, Kraut Egido, 2014). Proposed solutions The leaders or managers of the organisation must utilise the data and computer science related information to guide the decision-making and make sure that the business can be successful. It is also important to appoint skilled workers who have proper knowledge about the technological components that can drive the business goals and objectives and ensure that the system runs properly and is kept safe from intruders and any unauthorized access is also prevented (Laudon Laudon, 2016). It is important to include various server administrators, network engineers, security professionals and help desk personnel who have proper knowledge and skills to manage the data base system and bring out positive outcomes using MIS (Woolworths.com, 2017). Introduction to e-commerce and m-commerce The E-commerce is the management of commercial transactions done with the use of the internet by Woolworths Limited for selling its products and services to the customers. The mobile commerce or m-commerce is the management of transactions through purchasing and selling of products and services with the use of wireless handheld devices such as personal digital assistants or PDA and mobile phones (Laudon et al., 2012). It is a major aspect of the electronic commerce, where the mobile users can easily purchase goods and services from Woolworths by using the internet on their mobile phones. Organization business benefits in using e-commerce and m-commerce. Few of the major benefits gained by the organisation by using e-commerce include better convenience, as customers can shop, manage banking activities and get the products delivered at their doorsteps by making secure payments online. The m-commerce allows the retail company to address their striking features by managing smooth synchronisation between the responsive web site and mobile site (Lee Yu, 2012). The mobile phones are used to gain better accessibility to the company web site and manage the purchase of products with much ease and effectiveness. If a good network signal is obtained, the customers can use their mobile phones to connect as well as manage commercial transactions from mobile to other devices n an effective way (Woolworths.com, 2017). The mobile devices are dedicated to individual users, which creates convenience for purchasing the products and use the mobile payment services quite comprehensively. Woolworths Limited has utilised the digital content with mobile co mmerce by enhancing the functionality of the mobile phones and allow the sellers to deliver the content, which can be used by the purchasers anytime and anywhere (Peppard Ward, 2016). Integration of e-commerce and m-commerce to the organisation The customers of Australia can buy products online and make payments through cards as well as cash on delivery based on which the products would be delivered at their doorstep within very less time. Woolworths has strengthened the e-commerce position by working in partnership with Australia post for developing parcel lockers to provide convenience to the online buyers with easy parcel collection and returns (Schwalbe, 2015). E-commerce supply chain management Based on the previous networks of distribution, it has been understood that the e-commerce operations managed by the organisation are dependent upon thesupply chain management infrastructure to handle a large quantity of orders made by the customers while buying products online. The e-commerce supply chain management is also beneficial for Woolworths Limited to exploit the latest trends of consumers while making online purchases without compromising on the quality of products and services delivered (Sousa Oz, 2014). The growth of the retail supermarkets is based on the implementation of e-commerce and its impact on the market share. It is a though a major issue or challenge for many retail organisation owners to manage changes for meeting up the expectations of customers and provide better convenience (Woolworths.com, 2017). Thus, the e-commerce facility has been considered for handing the power to customers and provides them comfort while purchasing a products or service from the company. Woolworths Limited has considered the supply chain management platform for managing e-commerce (Weske, 2012). This is an easy and effective way to optimise the ways of fulfilling the capabilities of E-commerce operations and processes conducted by the organisation. Sub-processes functions of the e-commerce supply chain management The sub processes mean the various business operations and processes that are managed by Woolworths Limited within the supply chain management. Few sub-processes are the management of selling in multiple sales channels to ensure that each of the supply chains fulfills the requirements of each of the channels. The network alignment is done to meet the expectations and preferences of the end consumers. The omni-channel and e-commerce are combined to enhance the efficiency of inventory management with the use of supply chain and meet the needs of customers (Woolworths.com, 2017). Other sub-processes include integration of technology by offering better visibility across the whole supply chain. JB Hi-Fi mainly does this to reduce the wastage of time and manage inventory properly to ensure successful and timely delivery of products and services to people all over Australia (Flanagin et al., 2014). Challenges and protection There are various issues and challenges faced by Woolworths while managing the electronic commerce and ensure convenience while delivering products and services to the customers. Security risks and threats One of the major risks could be the development of a new web site by the company which can create inconvenience for the users as they have been habituated with the previous web site managed by the company (Galegher, Kraut Egido, 2014). The new site launched by Woolworths Limited has been difficult to use by the customers, and there have been functionality issues as well such as crashing of the web site on iPad, a longer time taken during management of transactions and even breach of data (Woolworths.com, 2017). There could be other security risks like lack of privacy, which can lead to loss of data and information, alteration of data, inaccurate authentication and non-repudiation. This often creates complexity about whether the receiver has recovered the messages or information sent by the sender or not (Laudon Laudon, 2016). Mitigation techniques It is important to manage the database by enabling proper management information system or MIS and ensure that systems are kept password protected for preventing any kinds of unauthorised access that might result in loss of important data and information. Woolworths can use the hash or checksum like MD5 or CRC to develop a system that can detect any risks or threats and make sure that data in transit through techniques like phishing are prevented (Laudon et al., 2012). Conclusions The topic started with the identification of issues of the management information system and how it could be resolved by the organisation. The benefits of adopting the e-commerce and m-commerce were included here along with the ways by which these two major components had been integrated into the management of business within Woolworths, Australia. The security risks and threats associated with electronic commerce along with the various sub-processes of the e-commerce supply chain management had also been illustrated here to derive a good conclusion in the end. Recommendations It is recommended to align the financial operations with the key performance indicators for accomplishing the strategic objectives and ensure the smooth running of the business. Skilled professionals are needed to be appointed who have knowledge of dealing with uncertainties and manage the database system properly to prepare financial reports with ease. It is recommended to make investments for creating a pool of talent consisting of employees who have relevant skills, knowledge and expertise to handle the database and MIS properly. The new web site created must be developed with new and advanced features for providing better flexibility, and ease for customers manage purchasing of products and services. Implementation of multi-layered security protocols is recommended for developing strong privacy policies and enables proper authentication and encryption measures. This would ensure the customer to make secure payments, and the risks of compromise could be reduced as well. References Flanagin, A. J., Metzger, M. J., Pure, R., Markov, A., Hartsell, E. (2014). 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